Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Posted on July 20, 2021

July 20, 2021 – Delaware Township, Pennsylvania

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 2 miles

Max elevation: 835 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 275 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: *New 2021* Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny Trails Map

Avenza App Map: 2021 – Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny North #122

Trailhead parking: Hornbecks Trail – Emery Road, Delaware Township, PA 18328

No bathrooms on site – limited roadside parking

Please note: Waterfall conditions are dynamic, changing with weather and seasons. Stay on the trail when possible and be cautious of your surroundings, like slippery or rocky terrain, fast moving water, or steep drops.

Overview:

The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DWGNRA) straddles a stretch of the Delaware River on the New Jersey and Pennsylvania border. It encompasses forested mountains, grassy beaches and the Delaware Water Gap, which slices through the Kittatinny Ridge. The DWGNRA encompasses more than 70,000 acres and has over 150 miles of trails.

Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area

The DWGNRA is on the eastern edge of the Pocono Mountains in Northeastern Pennsylvania, where 40 miles of the Delaware River runs briskly between high bluffs and forested shores. There is almost nowhere with a higher concentration of great waterfalls than the Pocono Mountains. The region is home to some truly stunning waterfalls. Some of these waterfalls are located along well-established trails and are popular tourist attractions, while others are hidden away in relative obscurity. The waterfalls of Hornbecks Creek (which flows into the Delaware River) might be the best hidden gem in the Poconos, with its scenic cascades and deep gorge. While it might not have the height that the more well known waterfalls have, Indian Ladder Falls is one that shouldn’t be missed when hiking in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.

Indian Ladder Falls – Delaware Water Gap

History:

Hornbecks Creek had an early grist mill at the base of the mountain by 1775. In 1870, Jacob Hornbeck bought the property along the stream that eventually took on his name. The creek cascades over stair-step layers of shale between two larger drops. This gave the stream its 19th-century name of Indian Ladders Creek. The name also applied to a tourist boarding house in the valley.

Trails Overview:

At one time Upper & Lower Hornbecks Creek Trails were one continuous trail from US Route 209 to Emery Road. Due to severe storm damage over the years, the middle section along the steep gorge was closed by the National Park Service. That section of trail in the gorge area has sloughed off and has caused a hazardous condition. There are numerous downed trees blocking the trail along the steep hillside. The closed section should be avoided and instead the trail can be accessed from separate trailheads on US Route 209 and Emery Road.

Please Note: On some apps and trail maps, the Upper and Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail are shown as one continuous trail. The closed section of the trail does not appear to have any signs, but it is dangerous and should not be attempted.

Hike Overview:

A week earlier we visited the Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail and afterwards came up to the upper section as well. We ended up walking on the wrong side of the creek on another unmarked trail, thinking we were on the Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail. Although we got a good view of one of the upper falls, it was not the trail that we were seeking. We returned the following week and got it right.

This short trail although relatively easy to follow, is unmarked and is intersected by several other trails. Staying close to the creek is the obvious course of action, because after all you are searching out a waterfall. Using the Avenza Maps app is a good choice for this hike because it will keep you on the right trail. With that being said, This short out and back hike starts out relatively level then descends steeply to the base of a magnificent waterfall where you may want to spend some time enjoying the cascading water. Keep in mind that the volume of water varies throughout the year and the best times for viewing most waterfalls are during the Spring thaw and after heavy or prolonged rainfall.

The Hike:

The hike begins on Emery Road, on the eastern side of Hornbecks Creek where there is pull-off parking for about 3-4 cars on the south side of the road. Walk west along the road, crossing the road bridge over Hornbecks Creek. There is more parking available on the other side of the bridge, closer to the actual trailhead. You may see a footpath on the left (south) after crossing the road bridge. That is a fisherman’s trail that runs close to the creek, but ends a short distance in. Continue a little farther up Emery Road until you see a wider opening with a kiosk to the left (south).

Emery Road – Delaware Water Gap

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Emery Road

Continue past the sign and head south on the unmarked, but well worn trail, with Hornbecks Creek down below on the left. As you walk along the trail, there are some spots that allow you to view some attractive cascades. Care should be taken if you choose to do this as there are steep drop offs and some of the ground can be unstable and rocks slippery.

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Along the way there are strategically placed benches if you choose to take a break.

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

When you reach a fork in the trail, go left to reach the waterfall. The trail is bordered by logs which helps to guide the way. The trail will lead to a set of steep stairs with metal handrails (always check any handrails for sturdiness before leaning on them). Follow the stairs down to the base of the waterfall and you will be rewarded for your effort.

Turn left at the fork

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Indian Ladder Falls, the unofficial name, is a 35-40 ft. tall waterfall and about 75 feet wide at its base and is described as a Veiling Horsetail waterfall. During the Spring thaw and after prolonged and/or heavy rain, the volume of water is much more impressive.

Indian Ladders Fall - Delaware Water Gap

Indian Ladder Falls – Delaware Water Gap

The Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail continues downstream, climbing the hillside and ends at a junction with the Green Connector Trail that leads into the Pocono Environmental Education Center (PEEC), another great place to visit.

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

This is the end of the Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail. Hikers should not go beyond this point. To reach the Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail, return to your vehicle and drive to the other trailhead on U.S. Route 209.

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

If you would like to extend the hike, you can enter Pocono Environmental Education Center (PEEC) utilizing this trail.

Connector Trail for PEEC

Retrace your steps back to Indian Ladders Falls, climb the wooden steps, turn right at the junction and head north back to Emery Road.

Indian Ladder Falls – Delaware Water Gap

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Emery Road

Turn right on Emery Road and return to your vehicle.

Emery Road – Delaware Water Gap

The unmarked trail begins on the eastern side of Hornbecks Creek. It is a short hike to an attractive waterfall that can’t be safely viewed from the Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail.

Unmarked trail – Upper Hornbecks Creek

The trail begins at a narrow opening by the end of the guardrail in the small parking area. It can get overgrown in the summer and becomes hard to see. If you go through the narrow opening, it soon leads to a wide path which is easy to follow.

Unmarked trail – Upper Hornbecks Creek

Although the trail is easy to follow, there are numerous blowdowns along the way that one has to navigate around. This area has been ravaged by storms in recent years and care should be taken where there are leaning trees or dangling branches (widowmakers).

Unmarked trail – Upper Hornbecks Creek

There are some massive trees along the trail that appear to be hundreds of years old.

Unmarked trail – Upper Hornbecks Creek

Soon the trail narrows, but in a short distance comes out into an open area with a large keyhole view of one of the Upper Indian Ladder Falls.

Unmarked trail – Upper Hornbecks Creek

After about 0.4-mile from the road, this attractive 25 ft. waterfall comes into view. The unmarked trail continues downstream, but this is as far as we went. If you are done exploring, retrace your steps back to Emery Road.

Upper Indian Ladder Falls – Delaware Water Gap

Review:

A nice short hike on lesser traveled trails to beautiful waterfalls and cascades. Definitely worth a day trip to the Delaware Water Gap that can be combined with other trails in the area if so desired. If you like waterfalls, this is the hike for you. Combine this hike with Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail for 2 short hikes with great payoffs.

Pros:

A little off the beaten path, scenic cascades and attractive waterfalls, Delaware Water Gap.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Sources:

West Point Foundry Preserve

Posted on July 17, 2021

July 17, 2020 – Cold Spring, NY

Difficulty: Easy

Trail miles: Approximately 2 miles (additional connecting trails)

Free Web Map: West Point Foundry Preserve Trail Map

Buy Map: East Hudson Trails Map

Brochure and Trail Guide: WPFP Brochure and Trail Guide

Trailhead parking: 80 Kemble Ave, Cold Spring, NY 10516

Amenities: Restrooms on site

Fees and hours: Entrance and parking is free. The preserve is open year-round, dawn to dusk.

Overview:

Located on the Hudson River, in the heart of the majestic Hudson Highlands, West Point Foundry Preserve encompasses 90 acres of forested land and the abandoned site of a Civil War artillery foundry and ironworks on a tidal marsh in Cold Spring, New York. The Scenic Hudson Land Trust obtained the site in 1996 in order to prevent development. Now open to the public for recreational use as an interpretive park and preserve, the property has been transformed into an outdoor museum.

West Point Foundry Preserve

A detailed map at the Preserve’s trailhead kiosk guides visitors along the exhibit installations and along the major trails of the 90-acre Preserve. The map is adapted from an 1853 fire insurer’s map of the Foundry and Cold Spring Village. Throughout the preserve, content is illustrated with period photographs, stereoscopic images, and etchings from the Foundry’s own archives, now housed in the collection of the Putnam History Museum, located adjacent to the site.

West Point Foundry Preserve

Today nearly 2 miles of trails follow old rail beds and pass extensive foundry remains that led to the preserve’s inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Interpretive features, including a full-scale sculptural model of a 36-foot water wheel that tells the site’s intriguing story.

Water Wheel – West Point Foundry Preserve

At the center of the preserve is the foundry’s 1865 Office Building. Today, it is the only building remaining on the Foundry grounds.

1865 Office Building – West Point Foundry Preserve

Two miles of additional trails pass more foundry ruins and take visitors to related sites in Cold Spring, including Scenic Hudson’s Foundry Dock Park. Visitors can explore the foundry’s history, its role in the Civil War and the land’s remarkable ecological renewal.

Scenic Hudson periodically offers free guided foundry tours, call 845-473-4440 for more information.

The preserve is free and there is plenty of parking in the large gravel lot.

West Point Foundry Preserve

Restrooms are available on site.

West Point Foundry Preserve

History:

Established in 1818 in Cold Spring, New York by Gouverneur Kemble and others, the West Point Foundry became one of the major industrial sites in the United States manufacturing iron products. Its most notable period was during the Civil War, when it produced the Parrott cannon designed by Robert Parker Parrott. The foundry closed in 1911.

The foundry was busiest during the American Civil War due to military orders. At that time it had a workforce of 1,400 people and produced 2,000 cannons and three million shells. Parrott also invented an incendiary shell which was used in an 8-inch Parrott rifle cannon (the “Swamp Angel”) to bombard Charleston. The importance of the foundry for the war effort can be measured by the fact that President Abraham Lincoln visited and inspected it in June of 1862.

With the advent of steel, iron quickly fell out of favor, and The West Point Foundry floundered and died in the early 20th century. Fallen to ruins and reclaimed by nature, it sat mostly unappreciated, except by day-trippers who often hiked among the pretty surroundings.

A plant making batteries close to the former ironworks contaminated the area by dumping toxic waste into nearby Foundry Cove. The cove was declared a Superfund site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1989, but the resulting cleanup succeeded in making what Scenic Hudson describes as a “remarkable ecological renewal.”

In 1996, Scenic Hudson, a Hudson Valley environmental-preservation group, purchased the property and in 2006, began a $3.6 million renovation. The effort included trying to preserve and stabilize the foundry ruins, wetland scientists, preservation architects, exhibit designers and engineers. Scenic Hudson also commissioned Michigan Technological University’s industrial archaeology program to conduct a seven-year study of the ruins to ascertain how the foundry operated.

In 2013, The West Point Foundry Preserve opened to the public. Many of the foundry’s ruins have been stabilized, interpretive signage was installed, and audiovisual tours are available. An easily accessible half-mile trail connects the preserve directly to the Metro-North train station at Cold Spring.

In 2010, The West Point Foundry Preserve was added to National Register of Historic Places.

West Point Foundry Preserve

In 2019, it was designated a Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark.

West Point Foundry Preserve

Trails Overview:

Trails follow old rail beds and pass the remains of foundry buildings and interpretive features that tell the story of the site’s contribution to the Industrial Revolution and the Civil War, as well as the land’s astonishing ecological renewal. The Blue Trail links the preserve to the Cold Spring Metro-North station and the Village of Cold Spring.

West Point Foundry Preserve Trail Map

The trails are a combination of well groomed, wide walking paths and rougher footpaths that weave their way through the property. The three official trails are marked with Scenic Hudson round plastic discs of varying colors.

Scenic Hudson trail marker

Yellow Foundry Trail~ This yellow-blazed trail is a loop that takes visitors to many of the preserve’s key sites. The trail is lightly graded. The trail begins at the southeast end of the parking lot, near the informational kiosk, makes its way past several points of interest and climbs stairs before making its way back to the parking area.

Yellow Foundry Trail – West Point Foundry Preserve

Red Trail~ is not one continuous trail, instead it has several legs all branching off of the Yellow Trail in different areas. It heads upstream from the boring mill and water wheel, leading to additional foundry ruins as well as related sites in Cold Spring. It follows a steeper elevation; special care should be taken around unstabilized archaeological ruins.

Red Trail – West Point Foundry Preserve

Blue Marsh Trail~ This trail begins at the southwest end of the preserve and heads in a westerly direction along Foundry Cove, passing benches and stairs that lead to the Kemble Bluff Overlook viewing platform. Past the stairs, it links the preserve to the Cold Spring Metro-North station. The path also connects with the nearby Foundry Dock Park and Cold Spring’s waterfront district.

Blue Marsh Trail – West Point Foundry Preserve

Points of Interest:

Listed below are some of the sights that you will find throughout the preserve.

Gun Testing Platform ~

One of several unique interpretive elements is the gun platform, a 32-foot-high wood structure that sits on a raised promontory overlooking the marsh. During the foundry’s heyday, each Parrott gun was tested from the hanging gantry of the original three-story-high gun platform for velocity, accuracy, and impact. An interpretive panel on the hoist describes the platform’s history and the marsh’s more recent Superfund cleanup, and a decorative roof structure with wood-cut-like illustrations of the site’s flora and fauna.

Gun Testing Platform – West Point Foundry Preserve

The gun testing platform was a critical operational area of the West Point Foundry during the Civil War, providing the means to prove the largest models of Parrott guns (100 to 300 pounder models) on site, prior to delivery to the Army or Navy. President Abraham Lincoln himself observed the testing platform in June 1862 following an official visit to nearby West Point. The Foundry tested ordnance pieces by firing multiple rounds from it, aiming at targets set up on the nearly vertical southeast face of Crow’s Nest, a mountain approximately 1.25 miles to the west-northwest, opposite Cold Spring on the west side of the Hudson River.

Gun Testing Platform – West Point Foundry Preserve

A 12-ft.-long stainless steel silhouette of the 300-pound Parrott gun is inscribed with a Civil War-era article from The New York Times describing the foundry and its armaments.

Gun Testing Platform – West Point Foundry Preserve

1865 Office Building ~

In 1865, Robert P. Parrott ordered a stately office building be built as a symbol of the West Point Foundry’s national prestige and success. Once constructed, the brick Italianate Office Building’s distinctive cupola was easily visible from various places in the landscape, including locations throughout the factory, the worker and management housing on Mount Rascal, and from West Point and ships passing on the Hudson River.

1865 Office Building – West Point Foundry Preserve

In 2015, Scenic Hudson reinstalled the 5,000-pound, 21-foot-tall cupola atop the historic Office Building. Southgate Steeplejacks of Barre, Vermont, restored the cupola, which was removed in 1998. Below: how the building looked in 2015 prior to the reinstallation of the cupola.

1865 Office Building – January 2, 2015

Foundry Brook ~

In the 19th century, Waterpower was power. Foundry Brook (originally named Margaret Brook), was channelized into an intricate network of flumes, raceways and storage ponds that powered operations and regulated water flow through the site. Water descended from Foundry Brook to Battery Pond, then by elevated flume into a giant water wheel that turned the foundry’s gears and cranes, feeding air to the hot furnace fires.

Foundry Brook Falls – West Point Foundry Preserve

At its upper reach, below the Main Dam, Foundry Brook cascades over falls of boulders and cleaved bedrock, descending through a series of pools as it follows the toe of the adjoining slope to the east. In the late summer, the flow of Foundry Brook typically reduces to little more than a rivulet, whereas in the spring, the stream can overflow its banks with water from snow melt.

Foundry Brook Falls – West Point Foundry Preserve

Foundry Brook – West Point Foundry Preserve

Water Wheel ~

The boring mill’s operations were driven by the powerful, 36-foot diameter water wheel housed adjacent to the main structure. The replica you see today depicts a section of the wheel at its original scale, located exactly where it stood during the foundry’s heyday. Here the 36-foot-diameter water wheel powered machinery for drilling out the guns’ interior. Parrott guns featured a rifled bore, spiraling grooves that caused projectiles to spin when fired, enhancing their accuracy.

Water Wheel – West Point Foundry Preserve

A hive of activity, the boring mill was filled with geared cranes, whirring lathes and other heavy machinery driven by a massive water wheel and leather belting system. The water that powered them came from an intricate series of headraces fed by Foundry Brook. Cannons, steam boilers, church bells and industrial hardware for cotton and sugar plantations in the U.S. and Caribbean were produced here in great numbers – setting the stage for America’s emergence as a major industrial power.

Water Wheel – West Point Foundry Preserve

Tuyere Arch ~

The Tuyere Arch is all that remains of the blast furnace. To achieve temperatures upwards of 2200°F, a blast furnace required a steady volume of air blown in through the tuyeres at the base of the furnace stack. The blast maintained a high combustion rate of fuel near the tuyeres, creating the greatest heat within the furnace.

Tuyere Arch – West Point Foundry Preserve

Building Ruins ~

Skilled laborers in the foundry’s pattern shop crafted exacting wooden replicas (or patterns) of the Parrott guns, which ranged in size from 10 to 300 pounds, according to the weight of projectile they shot. Patterns helped form molds that were then filled with molten iron.

Pattern Shop – West Point Foundry Preserve

There are numerous foundation ruins and partial brick and stone walls throughout the site.

Carpentry Shop – West Point Foundry Preserve

The Staircase ~

The staircase bridges two elevations, the exhibits lining the forest and Foundry Road, a well-worn path along the ravine that workers traveled on their way home from the foundry. Text and historical images mounted onto cast-aluminum panels were attached to the stair risers so that, as pedestrians ascend the stairs, they can learn how water was pumped from Foundry Brook to drive the Boring Mill waterwheel and other factory machinery.

The Staircase – West Point Foundry Preserve

The Staircase also doubles as the Boring Mill Overlook with an informational sign that details the use and history of the Boring Mill and Water Wheel.

Boring Mill Overlook – West Point Foundry Preserve

Kemble Overlook ~

A steel staircase ascends the bluff from the blue-blazed Marsh Trail. Five oversized landings on the staircase accommodate benches for resting and taking in the views. Small interpretive panels on the landings explain the history of the Kemble property and its connections to the West Point Foundry.

Kemble Overlook – West Point Foundry Preserve

There are views from the staircase of Foundry Cove and the Hudson Highlands.

Kemble Overlook – West Point Foundry Preserve

A stone dust path at the top of the staircase leads to a 15-by-32-foot wooden deck. The stairs, path and deck were added in 2017.

Kemble Overlook – West Point Foundry Preserve

The overlook offers views of Foundry Cove, Constitution Island, West Point and parts of the Hudson Highlands. The view is much better during leaf-off season.

Kemble Overlook – July 17, 2021

Same view in winter.

Kemble Overlook – January 2, 2021

Review:

A well kept preserve that is steeped in Hudson River Valley history. There is plenty to see and learn here. A great place to visit for a leisurely walk near the Hudson River and a history lesson to boot.

Pros:

Historical features, Foundary Brook, ruins, well maintained preserve.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

West Point Foundry Preserve

Sources:

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Posted on July 13, 2021

July 10, 2021 – Dingmans Ferry, Pennsylvania

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 2 miles

Max elevation: 596 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 60 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: *New 2021* Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny Trails Map

Avenza App Map: 2021 – Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny North #122

Trailhead parking: Hornbecks Trail – Federal Rd (U.S. Route 209), Dingmans Ferry, PA 18328

No bathrooms on site

Overview:

Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area

The DWGNRA is on the eastern edge of the Pocono Mountains in Northeastern Pennsylvania, where 40 miles of the Delaware River runs briskly between high bluffs and forested shores. There is almost nowhere with a higher concentration of great waterfalls than the Pocono Mountains. The region is home to some truly stunning waterfalls. Some of these waterfalls are located along well-established trails and are popular tourist attractions, while others are hidden away in relative obscurity. The waterfalls of Hornbecks Creek (which flows into the Delaware River) might be the best hidden gem in the Poconos, with its scenic cascades and deep gorge. While it might not have the height that the more well known waterfalls have, Hornbecks Creek Falls is one that shouldn’t be missed when hiking in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.

Hornbecks Creek Falls

History:

The original trail, which had been there for over a century, was located in the creek’s floodplain and flooded frequently. The trail reopened in September 2019 after the winter storms of March 2018 struck the area and caused substantial and widespread damage across the region. Massive trees were toppled by high winds, the stream bank along Hornbecks Creek partially collapsed and footbridges were washed away. Trail crews re-routed the trail to higher ground to make it more sustainable in the face of more frequent and more intense storms.

Approximately 900 feet of trail was re-routed to higher ground and another 500 feet of trail was resurfaced. A 15-step staircase was built from native stone, some weighing as much as 600 pounds, in an area where the stream had eroded a steep bank. New drainage systems were installed to divert water and protect the trail from erosion. Two new bridges were built from locally sourced lumber and were installed higher above the water level to better protect them from flood damage. Other features of the new trail include the addition of turnpikes, areas where the trail is elevated above the floodplain or wet areas; bog bridges, which allow hikers to pass over short muddy spots; and water bars, diagonal channels across the trail that divert surface water away from the trail.

Trails Overview:

The mile-long Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail also known as the Indian Ladders Trail, can be accessed off of US Route 209 between mile markers 10 and 11. A small parking area with room for about 10-12 vehicles is at the end of a gravel road. More parking is available in a gravel lot directly across the road from the trailhead.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trailhead

The Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail partially follows the old Glenside Rod & Gun Club road along Hornbecks Creek. The shaded trail meanders through the lush forest, crossing back and forth over Hornbecks Creek on a series of footbridges before ending at the base of the 25-ft. tall Hornbecks Creek Falls. The trail is unmarked, but easy to follow. The area is owned and managed by the National Park Service.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

Hike Overview:

Continuous heavy rain that fell over the Northeast from Hurricane Elsa, and all the waterfall posts on social media, made this hike an easy choice. Trying to steer clear of the masses that tend to flock towards the more “touristy” waterfalls in the region, this relatively unknown waterfall makes for an idyllic destination.

This mostly level hike is a short out and back that crosses Hornbecks Creek several times. A pleasant walk through the woods with a scenic waterfall as the payoff.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

Although it is not as well known as other waterfalls in the area, Hornbecks Creek Falls does see some foot traffic. We arrived at approximately 8am on a Saturday morning and were the first ones at the trailhead. On our return from viewing the falls, we passed several groups of people along the trail. As with anything else these days, it pays to get out early.

The Hike:

The hike begins at the northern end of the parking area on an old gravel road that parallels Hornbecks Creek. Following the banks of Hornbeck’s Creek, the trail meanders upstream through a mature forest composed of a great variety of large, old trees.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

In a short distance, the trail crosses a wooden footbridge to the other side of the creek and begins to gradually, climb above the creek, passing stone steps that once led to an old home. The trail levels off high above the creek which has cut a steep-sided ravine through the terrain.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

The trail then crosses Hornbecks Creek again on a fiber-reinforced polymer trail bridge that was installed January-March 2016 to replace the bridge that was washed out by a storm several years earlier.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

The trail descends a 15-step stone staircase in an area where the stream had eroded the steep bank.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

A look back at the stone staircase.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

The trail then crosses the creek again, this time on a single log bridge. It turns left and continues upstream over several bog bridges before crossing Hornbecks Creek on another single log bridge.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

The trail turns right and follows the creek upstream a short distance to Hornbecks Creek Falls.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail

The 25-foot tall Hornbecks Creek Falls, also known as Lower Indian Ladders, is a slide waterfall which is surrounded by cliffs and plummets into a large circular pool. Please note: that swimming here is prohibited by the National Park Service.

Hornbecks Creek Falls

When you are done enjoying this picturesque waterfall, retrace your steps back the way you came, to the parking area, where the hike began.

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trailhead

When you are done, you can get in your vehicle and drive a short distance to the Upper Hornbecks Creek Trail to view some more waterfalls.

Review:

A very pleasant walk through the woods to a very scenic waterfall. This short hike is perfect for a hot and humid day after some rainfall. The trail is well shaded and although it is not marked, it’s well defined and easy to follow. This simple out and back is great for families and those that want to enjoy nature without working up a sweat.

Pros:

Hornbecks Creek Falls, enjoyable trail, well maintained area, litter free.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

Lower Hornbecks Creek Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Sources:

Breakneck Ridge via Nimham Trail

Posted on July 8, 2021

July 5, 2021 – Cold Spring, NY

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 1.9 miles

Max elevation: 592 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 625 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: East Hudson Trails Map #102

Free Web Map: Hudson Highlands Trail Map North 2021

Trailhead parking: Wilkinson Memorial Trailhead – Beacon, NY 12508

For a hike to Breakneck Ridge that includes the rock scramble: Breakneck Ridge Short Loop

Overview:

Breakneck Ridge is a mountain along the Hudson River between Beacon and Cold Spring, straddling the boundary between Dutchess and Putnam counties. Breakneck Ridge is located within the confines of Hudson Highlands State Park Preserve and is administered by the New York Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. Until the early 20th century, the mountain was also known as St. Anthony’s Face or Turk’s Face, after a face-like stone formation on the southern cliffs that was destroyed by quarrymen in 1846. It has several summits, the highest, some distance inland, reaching approximately 1,260 feet above sea level. The southern face of the peak is remarkable for its striking cliffs, the result of quarrying in past years.

Breakneck Ridge as viewed from Storm King Mountain

Breakneck Ridge is considered one of the best and toughest day hikes in the country. The steep ascent up its western face involves climbing over rock ledges, using both hands and feet. This rock scramble attracts hikers from all over and is one of the most popular hikes in the region.

The beautifully constructed Nimham Trail provides an easier alternative to the summit for hikers who seek Breakneck’s stunning views of the Hudson River Valley while avoiding the steep rock scramble. The trail follows the natural “bench,” or shelf, along the ridge, connecting the flagpole area to the Wilkinson Memorial Trail.

History:

Professional Trail Builders, Tahawus Trails LLC, with assistance from the Jolly Rovers, constructed the new Nimham Trail between October 2020 and July 2021. The half-mile trail has over 500 expertly engineered stone stairs carefully harvested from the slopes of Breakneck. The Nimham Trail opened to the public on July 1, 2021. Once open, foot traffic on the Breakneck Ridge Trail ascent will become one-way (up only); the new trail will be two-directional.

This is the first construction project managed by the Hudson Highlands Fjord Trail, a new non-profit working with State Parks and the 19 other project partners to advance the Hudson Highlands Fjord Trail linear park between Beacon and Cold Spring.

The impetus to the Nimham Trail was the increasing popularity of hiking at Breakneck Ridge, visited by over 100,000 hikers annually. The new trail will help both reduce lost and injured hiker calls and preserve the mountain habitat. Data gathered by the NY-NJ Trail Conference shows most people who hike Breakneck are either novice hikers or, in fact, attempting Breakneck Ridge as their first hike. Novice hikers often reach the first summit and decide they don’t think they can finish the hike. They try to find a way down from the flagpole area and that’s when problems arise. The Nimham Trail adds the option of a shorter loop hike centered on the flagpole area of the Breakneck Ridge Trail. The Nimham Trail will allow hikers to get a taste of Breakneck while providing a safer way to bail out.

The trail is named in honor of Wappinger Chief Daniel Nimham (1726–1778) a respected leader of the Wappinger people, whose ancestral lands, along with those of the Lenape and Munsee, include the idyllic landscape now known as the Hudson Highlands.

Daniel Nimham and his son Abraham (born in 1745) fought for the American cause during the Revolution and were some of America’s first Veterans. They served with Washington at Valley Forge and later with General Marquis de Lafayette’s troops. On August 31, 1778, the Nimhams and fifty of their fellow Wappinger were surrounded then killed in the Battle of Kingsbridge, in what is now Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx.

Daniel Nimham statue – Putnam County Veterans Memorial Park

Trails Overview:

This hike follows the yellow-blazed Wilkinson Memorial Trail for the first 350 yards.

Wilkinson Memorial Trail – East Hudson Highlands

The half-mile Ninham Trail marked with green blazes, connects the Wilkinson Memorial Trail to the lower lookout on Breakneck Ridge. A series of more than 500 stone steps climbs steeply to Hudson River views from an area of staggered rock outcrops, marked with an American Flag.

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

The Nimham Trail now allows access to the famous Breakneck Ridge flagpole area to those that would like to avoid the steep rock scramble that was necessary before this trail was constructed. The trail also provides a shorter loop option for those that want to do the rock scramble utilizing the white-blazed Breakneck Ridge Trail.

flagpole area – Breakneck Ridge

It’s a short walk uphill on the Wilkinson Memorial Trail before turning right on the Nimham Trail. This green-blazed trail is where you gain a lot of elevation quickly. The Nimham Trail gains over 500 feet of elevation in about a 1/2 mile. Although this is the easiest route to Breakneck Ridge, it’s still no walk in the park. The expertly engineered stone steps helps hikers gain a lot of elevation in a short distance, eliminating any rock scrambles that are usually associated with Breakneck Ridge.

Hike Overview:

Having seen the press release for the opening of the new trail, I wanted to check it out. I have to say that I was quite impressed with the craftsmanship of the stone steps. They went to great lengths to make the steps as even as possible. The risers and treads of the steps are consistent with a normal staircase that one would encounter in an indoor setting. The trail is well laid out and blends into the landscape, making for an enjoyable and scenic hike.

This out and back hike begins and ends at the trailhead for the Wilkinson Memorial Trail on Route 9D.

Breakneck Ridge via Nimham Trail

Although the steps are quite helpful, the trail is still steep as it climbs Breakneck Ridge and proper footwear should be worn.

elevation profile – Nimham Trail

An early start on a weekday is recommended for this hike as it gets really crowded on the weekends.

The Hike:

On the east side of the road, you’ll see a triple-yellow blaze that marks the start of the Wilkinson Memorial Trail, which you will follow for the first 350 yards. The trail climbs gradually on a wide footpath, climbing several sets of stone steps along the way. The trail soon comes to a junction with the green-blazed Nimham Trail, which begins on the right.

Wilkinson Memorial Trail – East Hudson Highlands

Turn right on Nimham Trail

Turn right on the Nimham Trail and follow the green blazes as they ascend Breakneck Ridge on another wide footpath. A short distance later, the trail crosses a wooden footbridge and ascends steeply on stone steps.

Turn right on Nimham Trail

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

The trail turns right and climbs more stone steps, then levels off briefly, and again climbs more steps. As the trail gains elevation, the Hudson River is visible through the trees down below.

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

In about 0.3 mile from the start of the Nimham Trail, there is a large rock outcrop on the right with views over the Hudson River with Storm King Mountain directly across and Pollepel Island and Bannerman Castle to the north. This makes a good spot for a short break.

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

When you are ready to continue, proceed ahead on the Nimham Trail as it continues to climb stone steps, now even more steeply. After climbing some steps bounded by a wooden railing, the trail moderates as it nears its terminus at a rock outcrop just above the flagpole area.

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

The views up and down the Hudson River from this point are spectacular, and you will want to take a rest to enjoy the panoramic views.

flagpole area – Breakneck Ridge

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps back to the Nimham Trail, marked by a sign, and turn left.

Breakneck Ridge Trail

Looking up to the top of the ridge from the junction with the Nimham Trail, you’ll notice a steep, near-vertical rock outcrop that the Breakneck Ridge Trail climbs to gain the crest of the ridge.

Breakneck Ridge Trail

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

Retrace your steps along the Nimham Trail, back to the junction with the Wilkinson Memorial Trail and bear left. Then follow the yellow blazes back to Route 9D, where the hike began.

Nimham Trail – Breakneck Ridge

Veer left at the junction

Wilkinson Memorial Trail

Review:

A great hike on a well constructed trail to panoramic views of the Hudson River Valley. Although it was rather foggy on our visit, it was still a good day out on the trails. We were on the trail by 7:30am and back to the trailhead by 9:30am. By getting an early start, we didn’t encounter any other hikers on the way up. By the time we left the flagpole area, a steady stream of people started to pass through. Worth doing at least once to marvel at the hard work that was done to create this wonderful trail.

Pros:

Nimham Trail, Breakneck Ridge, American Flag, Hudson River Valley views, well constructed trails.

Cons:

Breakneck Ridge gets extremely crowded on weekends.

Take a hike!

Breakneck Ridge via Nimham Trail

Sources:

Candlewood Hill Loop – Fahnestock State Park

Posted on June 24, 2021

June 12, 2021 – Putnam Valley, NY

Rehiked August 3, 2025

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 3.3 miles

Max elevation: 986 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 779 ft.

Route type: Lollipop Loop

Buy Maps (Paper & Avenza): East Hudson Trails Map #103

Free Web Map: Fahnestock State Park Trail Map 2020

Free Avenza App Map: Fahnestock State Park Trail Map

Trailhead parking: 11 Sunken Mine Road, Putnam Valley, NY 10579

Roadside parking for approximately 6 cars – No bathrooms on site

Overview:

Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park, also known as Fahnestock State Park, is a 16,171-acre state park located in north central Putnam County with portions in the towns of Carmel, Kent, Philipstown and Putnam Valley. The park is traversed by the Taconic State Parkway, US Route 9, NYS Route 301 and several local roads. Rail stations operated by Metro North Railroad are within ten miles of the park at Garrison, Cold Spring and Beacon. The park does not have a single, formal entrance. The park is managed and maintained by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.

Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park

As the peaks of Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park are more hills than mountains, the hiking is generally less strenuous than others in the region. This makes the park a popular destination for casual hikers.

Candlewood Hill is a long ridge with its summit at an approximate elevation of 986 feet above sea level. It is located at the southeast end of Fahnestock State Park and is one of the park’s most prominent peaks. The northern end of the of the ridge is just west of the Durland Scout Reservation (formerly Clear Lake Scout Reservation), divided by Sunken Mine Road. The southern portion of Candlewood Hill rises out of the western banks of Oscawana Lake. Existing roadside parking along Sunken Mine Road provides access to the Candlewood Hill Trail in the northern part of this area. The southern portion of the Candlewood Hill Trail descends sharply to Bell Hollow Road. Recent acquisitions have extended the park southward. A couple of undesignated trails extend from the Candlewood Hill Trail south along the ridge. There is no parking area designated for access from roads to the south.

This scenic area includes views of the hills and ridgelines of Fahnestock State Park and most of the East Hudson Highlands from the summit of Candlewood Hill. The panorama includes the surrounding hemlock forests, hills and valleys, and even a slice of the Hudson River and Indian Point viewable to the southwest.

Candlewood Hill – Fahnestock State Park

History:

In 2004, NY state purchased a 261-acre tract at Candlewood Hill in Putnam Valley and added it to Fahnestock State Park, saving it from residential development. The property includes woodlands and 2,000 feet of undeveloped frontage on Oscawana Lake, which is otherwise ringed with bungalows and houses. Two land conservation groups, the Open Space Institute and the Trust for Public Land, negotiated the contracts for the state, which in the early summer quietly bought the land for $1.5 million.

For his farewell hike as Governor, George E. Pataki led a small entourage of aides, administration members, environmentalists and a couple of state troopers up the granite-flecked trail to the summit of Candlewood Hill.

Through a series of acquisitions since 1995, Fahnestock State Park has more than doubled in size, from 6,670 acres to 16,171, an increase of more than 9,000 acres. The Trust For Public Land collaborated with its partner, the Open Space Institute on a number of the deals making up this expansion. The Trust for Public Land worked with Governor Pataki, the staff of the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, and the Department of Environmental Conservation to protect more than 100,000 acres in NY state during his administration.

Trails Overview:

This hike incorporates a section of the unmaintained and unpaved Sunken Mine Road that is closed to vehicular traffic from December to April. This road divides Fahnestock State Park from the Durland Scout Reservation (private property). Sunken Mine Road is located within Fahnestock State Park and is a gravel road that traverses the area, running north from Oscawana Lake to Dennytown Road. The road climbs gradually from the south before reaching the trailhead for the Candlewood Hill Trail.

Sunken Mine Road – Fahnestock State Park

The Candlewood Hill Trail is marked with New York State Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation “Taconic Region” red plastic discs. This trail ascends, sometimes steeply to the 986-foot summit of Candlewood Hill to long views in all directions. It traverses a short section of the ridge before descending steeply to its terminus on Bell Hollow Road. The Candlewood Hill Trail is well marked and easy to follow.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

An abandoned section of Bell Hollow Road is used to connect the Candlewood Hill Trail to Sunken Mine Road. This road climbs along the western flank of Candlewood Hill and although unmarked, is well defined and easy to follow.

Bell Hollow Road – Fahnestock State Park

You may encounter some diamond shaped light blue blazes with an “HT” on them throughout this hike. You can disregard them. These blazes represent the Hudson Trail, a long distance hiking trail from High Bridge in Manhattan eventually reaching Mt. Marcy in the Adirondacks, overlaying existing trails and making use of public roads. It is a work in progress. In Fahnestock State Park it makes use of the Candlewood Hill Trail as well as several others.

Hudson Trail in Fahnestock State Park

With the exception of the summit, the trails are mostly well shaded and offer some protection from the hot sun.

Hike Overview:

I was looking for a short hike to do before the rains came on a Saturday morning, but unfortunately the rain came as we were beginning the hike. With the rain came the fog and obscured views, which was disappointing. We completed the hike nevertheless, but not being able to enjoy the views stuck with me. The following week we decided to head back up to the summit just for the views and it was well worth it. Our second trip was a short out and back to the summit to enjoy the views before it got too hot. This post incorporates images that I captured from both visits up until the summit.

This moderate loop hike is perfect for those looking to do a short hike with some great views and some shaded trails. On both visits, we didn’t encounter any other hikers. The hike begins near the southern end of Sunken Mine Road where there is pull-off parking for about 6-8 vehicles just before the gate.

Candlewood Hill Loop – Fahnestock State Park

Although there are some steep sections on this hike, they are short lived.

elevation profile – Candlewood Hill Loop

For a longer hike, this can be combined with the Oscawana Ridge Trail.

The Hike:

Proceed past the gate on Sunken Mine Road (sometimes referred to as Sunk Mine Road) as it heads gradually uphill. Sunken Mine Road is located within Fahnestock State Park and is a rough, unmaintained road that is closed to vehicular traffic from December to April. On the left side of the road (west), you may notice NYS Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation signs. To the right (east) of the road there are signs to “Keep Out” of the Durland Scout Reservation. Continue uphill on this scenic road for about a half mile.

Sunken Mine Road

In about 0.5 mile, The trailhead for the Candlewood Hill Trail will be on the left, marked by a wooden post and red markers. Turn left here and follow the red blazes as they lead uphill, gradually at first then more steeply. You will be following the red blazes for the next 1.2 miles.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

In late spring and early summer, the Mountain Laurel is in bloom along the trail.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

The trail steepens some more as it nears the summit of Candlewood Hill, climbing over bare rock. To the right of the trail there are limited views as you near the top.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

Just before reaching the summit where the trail turns left, leave the trail and turn right on a faint footpath to wide ranging views from northwest to southwest. The hills of Fahnestock State Park can be seen to the west as well as most of the East Hudson Highlands.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

Candlewood Hill summit – Fahnestock State Park

A zoomed in view to the southwest reveals a sliver of the Hudson River and the Indian Point Nuclear Facility in the Village of Buchanan, near Peekskill, NY.

Candlewood Hill summit – Fahnestock State Park

When you are ready to continue, return to the Candlewood Hill Trail and proceed ahead along the summit to another rock out crop with more views.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

This is the view on a foggy morning with light rain falling.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

This is the view on our return visit the following week.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

The trail turns left at the rock outcrop and descends a little, ducking just below the ridgeline then leveling off, with some interesting rock formations on either side of the trail.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

Soon the Candlewood Hill Trail descends steeply, turns right on a woods road and descends on a more moderate grade. A short distance later, the Candlewood Hill Trail ends at Bell Hollow Road.

Candlewood Hill Trail – Fahnestock State Park

Turn right on the abandoned section of Bell Hollow Road and follow it uphill for the next 1/2 mile. You may be able to see and hear Canopus Creek down below on the left as you walk along the road.

Bell Hollow Road – Fahnestock State Park

Bell Hollow Road ends at a junction with Sunken Mine Road. Turn right here and follow this scenic road uphill for about 420 yards. Look for a woods road on the right, marked by boulders, that leads uphill a short distance to another viewpoint.

turn right on Sunken Mine Road

Sunken Mine Road – Fahnestock State Park

Turn right on this unmarked woods road and follow it uphill for about 350 feet, to views of Candlewood Hill and the surrounding area. This makes a good spot to take a break.

Sunken Mine Road – Fahnestock State Park

Viewpoint off of Sunken Mine Road

When you are ready to continue, return to Sunken Mine Road, turn right and continue in a southerly direction. A short distance later you will pass the trailhead for the Candlewood Hill Trail. Stay on Sunken Mine Road as it heads downhill, now retracing your steps, back to the parking area, where the hike began.

Turn right on Sunken Mine Road

Sunken Mine Road – Fahnestock State Park

Review:

A truly great hike with impressive views. The trails/woods roads are easy to follow in a seemingly unfrequented section of the park. The area is free of any litter and if you decide to visit, please keep it that way. An enjoyable and scenic moderate hike that most would enjoy.

Pros:

Outstanding views, well maintained trail, easy to follow woods roads, quiet area, litter free.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

Candlewood Hill Loop – Fahnestock State Park

Sources:

Granite Mountain Preserve

Posted on June 8, 2021

June 5, 2021 – Putnam Valley, NY

Difficulty: Moderate – strenuous

Length: Approximately 4 miles

Max elevation: 935 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 922 ft.

Route type: Double Lollipop Loop

Free Web Map: Granite Mountain Preserve Trail Map 2020

Free Avenza App Map: Granite Mountain Preserve Trail Map – 2020

Trailhead parking: Peekskill Hollow Rd, Putnam Valley, NY 10579

No bathrooms on site

Preserve Overview:

Granite Mountain Preserve is a 400-acre preserve that lies within the boundaries of the East Hudson Highlands in Putnam Valley, NY. Nestled between Oscawana Lake Road and Peekskill Hollow Road, it is just north of the Westchester County border in Putnam County and west of the Taconic State Parkway. Granite Mountain Preserve is owned and managed by Hudson Highlands Land Trust.

Granite Mountain Preserve

Granite Mountain is located within the Peekskill Hollow Brook watershed, part of both the City of Peekskill and Town of Cortlandt drinking water systems. Granite Mountain Preserve contains two peaks that rise more than 900 feet and is dominated by a northern hardwood forest that includes red and chestnut oak, hickory, tulip and sugar maple along with marshy wetlands and streams. The property also provides an excellent bird habitat and is known for its species-rich collection of flora.

The preserve includes a network of well marked woodland hiking trails, a new parking area and kiosk, making it a publicly accessible open space offering numerous non-motorized recreational opportunities. Granite Mountain Preserve is open from dawn to dusk, seven days a week.

Granite Mountain Preserve

History:

The earliest inhabitants of the area were members of the Canopus group of the Nochpeem band of the “Wappinger Indian Confederacy.” As part of the Mohican nation, they spoke the Algonkian language.

The footpaths made by the Native Americans usually followed the stream valleys. The first settlers followed these footpaths and in the course of time, they became the roads we know today as Peekskill Hollow, Canopus Hollow and Oscawana Lake roads.

Dutch and English farmers moved into the area toward the end of the 17th Century. In 1697, the Highland Patent was granted to Adolph Philipse. The first settlers arrived around 1740. Under the Philipse Patent, the earliest European settlers in the area were the tenant farmers who leased tracts of land from the Philipse family during the first half of the eighteenth century and set about the business of clearing the rugged land for farming.

Despite such physical conditions as rocky soil and steep slopes which made farming a difficult occupation in Putnam Valley, its settlers were an industrious lot who cleared much of the land which has now been reforested. They raised corn, buckwheat, rye, oats, potatoes and turnips, along with a number of lesser crops.

The whole Preserve, like the entire region, was harvested for lumber, firewood and charcoal at various times throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. Most of the Preserve, presumably, was deforested throughout the 1800’s for agriculture and timber harvesting, and stonewalls were built in large part in association with farming. The largest trees growing in the Preserve now are approximately 100 feet tall. The majority are likely no older than 100 years though some “wolf trees” may date to over a century.

In 2017, the Hudson Highlands Land Trust (HHLT) acquired three land parcels on Granite Mountain to create the Granite Mountain Preserve and permanently conserve 358 acres. In late 2018, they announced the expansion of the Preserve to 400 acres with the addition of an adjacent parcel.

The property included a network of informal trails, which have since been improved to better protect the property’s natural resources and enhance the visitor experience. Improvements include: the construction of new sustainable trails, including stone steps and rerouting some preexisting trails. Some of the work was performed by Tahawus Trails LLC, a full-service trail design, construction, and consulting company based in New York State.

A new welcome sign near the main gate on Peekskill Hollow Road was installed and a new parking/access area just past the main gate was completed at the end of 2018. Joshua Uchetel, a scout from Putnam Valley Boy Scouts of America Troop 41, designed and constructed a new informational kiosk beside the parking lot, which will offer helpful information to help guests plan their visit.

HHLT is also working with Putnam County on a management agreement for adjoining land, which will bring the Preserve to more than 500 acres in total.

Trails Overview:

There are approximately five miles of maintained, marked trails through rich, rocky woodlands, leading to rugged hilltops with limited views. The trail system consists of a network of woods roads and footpaths that are divided into three different color closed loops for hiking: a southern green trail loop, a yellow trail loop to Lookout Point, and a northern red trail loop. Connector trails link the three loops.

Granite Mountain Preserve Trail Map 2020

The trails are well maintained and clearly marked with Hudson Highlands Land Trust plastic discs of various colors with wooden signs at trail junctions.

Trail markers – Hudson Highlands Land Trust

Trail signs – Granite Mountain Preserve

Hike Overview:

The main entrance to the Preserve, marked with a “Welcome to Granite Mountain Preserve” sign, is located opposite Jeanne Drive and across the street from 500 Peekskill Hollow Road in Putnam Valley. Be sure to input “Granite Mountain Preserve” into Google Maps as just “Granite Mountain” will lead you to the wrong location. The new access area and parking lot is located inside the main gate.

Granite Mountain Preserve

There is room for approximately 8 vehicles in the small lot. When we arrived at 8 am on a June Saturday morning, there was one car already there. When we were done, just before 11 am, ours was the only vehicle in the lot.

Parking lot – Granite Mountain Preserve

It’s always a good idea to print out a map beforehand as there were none at the kiosk on the day of our visit.

Granite Mountain Preserve

This hike covers the Yellow and Red Trail loops, both done counterclockwise. The Yellow Trail was completed first, then the Red Trail. Both trails have moderate elevation gains, but it does add up.

Granite Mountain Preserve

The Red-Yellow Trail, which begins at the parking area, is the most strenuous part of the hike. It gains approximately 400 feet of elevation in about 1/2 a mile.

elevation profile – Granite Mountain Preserve

It was a hot and humid day with temps reaching 90°, we started the hike early and were done by 11 am. Although we worked up a sweat, the shaded trails throughout this hike provided protection from the sun. The parking lot is also shaded so we didn’t come back to a blazing hot vehicle.

The Hike:

From the parking area, head towards the kiosk and turn left onto a footpath where you will see triple red and yellow blazes on a tree. This is the start of the Red-Yellow Trail which connects the parking area to the interior of the preserve. You will be following the Red-Yellow Trail for the first 1/2-mile of the hike. The trail climbs stone steps and soon turns left. As the trail approaches private property, it turns right on a switchback. The trail continues to climb, sidehilling the steep slope.

Trailhead – Granite Mountain Preserve

Red-Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

As the trail steepens, there are stone steps built into the trail that gain elevation quickly. Soon the trail switchbacks again and continues its steep climb on a woods road that parallels an intermittent mountain stream. In about a 1/2-mile from the start, the Red-Yellow Trail comes to a junction with the lower leg of the Yellow Trail.

Red-Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Continue straight past the junction with the lower leg of the Yellow Trail for another 500 feet. You will arrive at a T-intersection, where the Red-Yellow Trail turns right. You will come back to this junction later, but for now, turn left on the upper leg of the Yellow Trail, heading towards Lookout Rock. After crossing an intermittent stream on rocks, you’ll see triple yellow blazes on a tree.

Continue straight past the junction with the lower leg of the Yellow Trail

Turn left on the Yellow Trail towards Lookout Rock

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Follow the yellow blazes as they weave their way through the woods. The trail continues to climb, but on a more moderate grade. As the trail begins to head north, it passes over a an old stone wall. At the top of the rise, the trail reaches the northernmost section of the preserve and turns left, bordering another stone wall.

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Soon the trail begins to head in a southerly direction. The trail loops around, avoiding the true summit of Granite Mountain and soon parallels another stone wall. A short distance later, the trail reaches Lookout Rock.

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Lookout Rock – Granite Mountain Preserve

This keyhole viewpoint from Lookout Rock provides southeast-facing limited views. During leaf off season the view should be much better. This makes a good spot to take a break and rest from the climb. You have now hiked about 1.3 miles.

Lookout Rock – Granite Mountain Preserve

When you are ready to continue, follow the Yellow Trail as it begins to descend, passing Mountain Laurel along the side of the trail.

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

In about 250 yards from Lookout Rock, the Yellow Trail comes to a junction with the start of the Green-Yellow Trail, marked with blazes and wooden signs. Turn left at this junction to remain on the Yellow Trail.

Turn left to remain on Yellow Trail

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

As the trail descends along the eastern slope of Granite Mountain, the forest becomes more dense. After several slight ups and downs, the trail descends to recross the intermittent stream on rocks and the Yellow Trail ends at the junction with the Red-Yellow Trail, closing the loop.

Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Turn left on the Red-Yellow Trail and head uphill for another 500 feet. You will arrive at the T-intersection that you encountered earlier in the hike. This time turn right towards the Red Loop.

Terminus of Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Turn right towards Red Loop

Follow the Red-Yellow Trail for about 140 feet until its terminus at a collapsed stone wall. The Red Trail Loop begins on the other side of the wall. After passing through the stone wall, turn right on the Red Trail and follow it uphill as it travels on a woods road.

Red-Yellow Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

After passing through the stone wall, turn right on the Red Trail

Turn right on the Red Trail

Red Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Soon the trail levels off as it sidehills the slope, heading in a northeasterly direction.

Red Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Looking up at the steep slope towards the summit, one can see cave-like openings in the granite rock formations.

Red Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

The trail runs along the eastern border of the the preserve and soon begins a gradual ascent. The trail soon passes through a grassy area bounded on all sides by stone walls then veers left and begins to climb some more. The trail passes through a stone wall then over another stone wall.

Red Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

As the trail bends to the west, it levels off and begins a gradual descent. In about 0.8-mile, the Red Trail closes the loop at the collapsed stone wall that you passed through earlier.

Red Trail – Granite Mountain Preserve

Turn right, leaving the Red Trail, crossing through the collapsed stone wall and begin retracing your steps on the Red-Yellow Trail. When you reach the junction with the Yellow Trail, turn left to remain on the Red-Yellow Trail. Follow the red/yellow blazes downhill, now retracing your steps back to the parking area, where the hike began.

Turn right on Red-Yellow Trail

Turn left to remain on Red-Yellow Trail

Trailhead – Granite Mountain Preserve

Parking lot – Granite Mountain Preserve

Review:

Although the one view on this hike is not much to speak of, this was a really good hike. The trails are well marked and the preserve was free of litter. The landscape is scenic and the elevation gain will get your heart pumping. We only encountered two people while we were there and for the most part, had the place to ourselves. The bonus was that on a hot and humid day, the entire hike was in the shade.

Pros:

Well marked trails, litter free, well maintained preserve, Trails are shaded throughout.

Cons:

Partial views.

Take a hike!

Granite Mountain Preserve

Sources:

Kay’s Cottage Ruins from Cooper Gristmill

Posted on May 25, 2021

May 23, 2021 – Chester, New Jersey

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 5 miles

Max elevation: 744 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 472 ft.

Route type: Semi-Loop

Trail Map: Cooper Gristmill & Elizabeth D. Kay Environmental Center

Avenza App Map: Patriots Path Chester Trail Map – Oct. 2017

Trailhead parking: Cooper Mill County Park – Chester, NJ 07930

Large parking lot – portable toilet on site

Overview:

Black River County Park, part of the Morris County Park System, consists of 858 acres. It includes four important cultural sites – the Cooper Gristmill, Elizabeth D. Kay Environmental Center, Bamboo Brook Outdoor Education Center, and Willowwood Arboretum – each of which is not only worth visiting in its own right, but also provides access to trails in the area. A more comprehensive description of each of these areas can be found on the Morris County Park System web site by searching for the name of the cultural site, not “Black River County Park.”

Cooper Gristmill, located on 14 acres, was built in 1826 and is one of the remaining restored water-powered mills in New Jersey. It is listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places. It is a living example of the state’s transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy.

Cooper Gristmill

Cooper Gristmill is one of about 30 access points for the Patriots’ Path, which links federal, state, county, and municipal parks, watershed lands, historic sites, and other points of interest. The site is managed by the Morris County Park Commission.

Cooper Gristmill

The Patriots’ Path stretches from East Hanover, where it connects with the Lenape Trail in Essex County to Allamuchy Mountain State Park in Sussex County, intersecting with the Columbia Trail in Washington Township.

History:

Kay’s Cottage ruins sits on property that is now The Elizabeth D. Kay Environmental Center in Chester. It was once part of a 233-acre estate owned by Elizabeth and Alfred Kay called Hidden River Farm. The property encompassed an array of habitats, including fields, deciduous forests and a hemlock gorge set along the Black River. The Kays built carriage trails through fields and woods that wind down to the Black River where a dam was built to create a deep and calm swimming pool with a diving board. A summer house was built alongside the ‘pool’ with showers, changing rooms, a fireplace, and a terrace. Only the stone foundations and walls remain today.

Kay’s Cottage Ruins – Black River County Park

Elizabeth and Alfred bought land in Chester in 1924, including a late 18th century stone farmhouse that they converted into a comfortable country estate. They lived in Chester during the spring, summer and fall.

Starting in 1962, the Kays began donating parts of their 233-acre Hidden River Farm to the Morris County Parks Commission to be used as an environmental center, where “each day would bring a new wonder and challenge to learn.” The Elizabeth D. Kay Environmental Center in Chester was dedicated on October 28, 1993 for “the teaching of children and adults in the natural sciences and the appreciation thereof.”

Trails Overview:

The Patriots’ Path is blazed with the path-and-tree logo and the abundance of markers, makes it relatively easy to follow.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

The section of the Patriots’ Path followed on this hike is a level and easy walk along the Black River as it runs on an old railroad bed for much of the route. There are exposed roots through much of the trail.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

From Cooper Mill, the Patriots’ Path is coaligned with the Black River Trail as it heads south (downstream), passing where an old trestle of the Hacklebarney Mine Railroad spanned the river. The Patriots’ Path soon joins the railroad right-of-way, passing alongside Kay’s Pond, just below old mine areas on the slope to the left. Beyond the pond is the refurbished dam and the Hacklebarney mine site, which are chained off. The trail can be followed as far south to Willowwood Arboretum in Far Hills, NJ.

Patriots’ Path – Cooper Gristmill

Other Trails:

Orange Trail ~ Follows a woods road that provides access to Kay’s Cottage along the Black River. The trail crosses the Black River on a wooden bridge, climbs a little then descends to the river’s edge.

Green Trail ~ The section between the Patriots’ Path and the Orange Trail is a woods road and easy walking. South of the Orange Trail it becomes a bit more rugged as it turns into a narrow footpath that sidehills the steep slope above the east bank of the Black River. The trail is rocky in places, uneven with short steep elevation changes and is poorly marked with numerous blow downs.

Red Trail ~ Follows a woods road just above the the Green Trail as it heads north. It eventually leaves the woods road and continues on a footpath. It ends at a junction with the Orange Trail.

Connector Trails ~ There are several short connector trails that are used on this hike. They are blazed with the two colors of the trails that they connect.

Hike Overview:

With high temperatures expected for the weekend, I was looking to do a hike with some shaded trails and water, while keeping the elevation gain to a minimum. This turned out to be the perfect hike for a hot and humid day. Not only were all of the trails that were hiked shaded, but the scenic landscape and the stone ruins kept it interesting as well. By getting an early start, we had the woods mostly to ourselves.

The parking lot on a Sunday at 8:40 am.

Cooper Gristmill – Black River County Park

By the time we returned to the parking lot at about 11:30 am, it was at or near capacity.

Cooper Gristmill – Black River County Park

The focal point of this hike is Kay’s Cottage and the surrounding area, but the rest of the hike was enjoyable as well. Even though this hike is on the lower spectrum of a moderate hike, sections of the Green and Red Trails gave it a more backwoods feel.

Kay’s Cottage Ruins from Cooper Gristmill

elevation profile – Kay’s Cottage

The Hike:

From the northwest corner of the parking area, proceed west to the stone Cooper Gristmill. The mill, built in 1826, is open for tours in the summer and on weekends in the spring and fall. Descend the stairs alongside the mill and head south on the blue-blazed spur of the Patriots’ Path (blazed with the path-and-tree logo), which crosses several tributary streams on wooden bridges and several wet areas on puncheons.

Cooper Gristmill

Bartley Turbine – Cooper Gristmill

Cooper Gristmill

Patriots’ Path – Cooper Gristmill

Cooper Gristmill

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

About a third of a mile from the start, the trail turns left onto an abandoned railroad grade – the former route of the Hacklebarney Branch of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, built in 1873 to carry iron ore from mines along the river and abandoned in 1900. The trail follows this railroad grade for the next mile. Although it was abandoned over a century ago, the right-of-way is in remarkably good condition.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

Half a mile from the start, you’ll pass Kay Pond (formerly known as Hacklebarney Pond) on the right. Here, the railroad had to be blasted through a rock cut, and the drill marks from the blasting may still be seen in the rock. The small building at the south end of Kay Pond was once used to store ice cut from the pond in the winter.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

After passing the stone dam at the end of the pond, the trail goes by a bridge over the Black River (closed to vehicular traffic), turns left, and passes a fenced-in area on the left. This is the site of the former Hacklebarney Mine, where a considerable amount of iron ore was mined in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. The trail proceeds along the scenic river. Soon, the railroad grade ends and the trail continues on a slightly rougher footpath parallel to the river.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

About 1.2 miles from the start, after crossing two wooden footbridges over tributary streams, the trail reaches abandoned concrete abutments in the river, the remnants of a former bridge. Here, the trail bears left and begins to head uphill on a wide woods road. It soon reaches the start of the Green Trail, which begins on the right.

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

Green Trail begins on the right

Turn right on the Green Trail, marked by three green blazes on a post. The Green Trail follows a wide path for about 350 yards (0.2 mile), then reaches a four way junction with the Orange Trail.

Green Trail – Black River County Park

Turn right on the Orange Trail and follow the woods road downhill towards the Black River. The trail passes a junction with the Green/Orange Connector Trail (you will return back to this spot) and continues across the Black River on a wooden bridge. The trail continues uphill, away from the river then curves to the left, parallels the river from high above and begins to descend as it approaches the river.

turn right on Orange Trail

Orange Trail – Black River County Park

As the trail descends, the river will come into view, keep an eye out on the left for stone steps leading down to Kay’s Cottage. Take the steps downhill to the ruins of Kay’s Cottage next to a dam and waterfall. You may want to take some time here to check out these interesting stone ruins.

Orange Trail – Black River County Park

Turn left and descend the stone steps towards the Black River

Kay’s Cottage Ruins – Black River County Park

Dam waterfall – Kay’s Cottage Ruins

Kay’s Cottage Ruins – Black River County Park

When you are ready to proceed, climb back up the stone steps, turn right and retrace your route back to the bridge. Side note: we turned left and walked the Orange Trail for about 300 feet to its terminus at the base of the river, but there is nothing to see in that direction.

Orange Trail – Black River County Park

Just after crossing the bridge, turn right on the Green/Orange Connector Trail which begins on a woods road, but soon descends towards the river on a footpath.

Green/Orange Connector Trail – Black River County Park

The trail leaves the river and begins to climb the hill, although the footpath is discernible, we didn’t spot any blazes. There was more than one path going in the same direction so we may have been on the wrong trail or a blowdown may have altered our route. We didn’t see where the connector trail ended and the Green Trail started. Eventually the green blazes appeared and we followed them along the steep hillside on a narrow footpath. After several ups and downs and climbing over blowdowns, the trail descends to the Black River directly opposite of Kay’s Cottage Ruins.

Green Trail – Black River County Park

Kay’s Cottage Ruins – Black River County Park

The square concrete block on the right is where the diving board was located.

Kay’s Cottage Ruins – Black River County Park

When you are ready to proceed, continue south on the Green Trail which climbs and descends along the river. The trail is narrow and runs along the steep hillside, so take care as you traverse this portion of the trail. This section of trail is more wild and has a feeling of remoteness. In about 425 yards, the Green Trail reaches a stone chimney and stone foundations on the right.

Green Trail – Black River County Park

This is a good place to take a break and enjoy the beauty of your surroundings.

Green Trail – Black River County Park

When you are ready to continue, proceed uphill on the Green Trail a short distance to its terminus at a junction with the Red Trail. Continue uphill, now following the red blazes. DO NOT TURN RIGHT. The Red Trail curves to the left and heads in a northeasterly direction on a level wide track which soon turns into a more rugged footpath as it descends a little. The Red Trail runs parallel to the Green Trail, higher up the slope. The Red Trail passes a junction with a faded Gray Trail which connects to the Green Trail down below. Veer right at this junction to continue following the red blazes. The Red Trail now begins a steady climb and in almost half a mile from the junction with the Green Trail, the Red Trail ends at a T-intersection with a woods road, the route of the Orange Trail.

Green Trail – Black River County Park

Circled are three green blazes indicating the end of the Green Trail.

Terminus of Green Trail – Black River County Park

Red Trail – Black River County Park

While I was standing by this tree waiting for my hiking mates to catch up, A coyote came up the slope, walked along the trail for about 15 feet, then ran up the hillside. Every time that I raised the camera, it would run about 10 feet higher, all the while looking at me. It was watching me as I was watching it. I’ve seen a few coyotes in the woods, but this was the largest by far.

Red Trail – Black River County Park

Turn left on Orange Trail

Turn left on the Orange Trail which heads north on the woods road.

Turn left on Orange Trail

In about 210 yards, the Orange Trail comes to a Y-intersection with another woods road and veers left. Turn RIGHT at this junction, the route of the Blue/Orange Connector Trail.

Turn right on Blue/Orange Connector Trail

Blue/Orange Connector Trail – Black River County Park

In about 220 yards, the Blue/Orange Connector Trail comes to a Y-intersection with the Patriots’ Path. This junction is not well marked, but you should turn left here. A few feet after turning left, you’ll pass the junction with the Green Trail on the left that you took earlier in the hike. Continue ahead on the Patriots’ Path. From that point you will be retracing your steps, heading north, back to the Cooper Gristmill, where the hike began.

Turn left on Patriots’ Path

Patriots’ Path – Black River County Park

Cooper Gristmill – Black River County Park

When we returned to the parking lot at approximately 11:30 am, it was at or near capacity.

Cooper Gristmill – Black River County Park

Review:

An excellent hike along the Black River with numerous points of interest. This hike is perfect for a hot and humid day as the entire hike was shaded from the sun. A good combination of well graded woods roads/railbed and rugged footpaths. Kay’s Cottage Ruins are eye-catching as is the view of them from across the river. The trails are well marked, but the junctions could use some signage. The Green Trail, south of the Orange Trail, is a more wild and remote area. Although we failed to see some blazes in that area, it could have been due to a blowdown along the trail that redirected our route. Carry a map and compass and you shouldn’t have any issues. Although the parking lot was full when we returned, we started early enough (8:40 am) that we only encountered a few people throughout the hike. All in all a great day on the trails.

Pros:

Kay’s Cottage Ruins, Black River, large parking lot, well marked trails, scenic landscape.

Cons:

Trail junctions could use some signage.

Take a hike!

Kay’s Cottage Ruins from Cooper Gristmill

Sources:

Indian Hill Loop – Sterling Forest State Park

Posted on May 19, 2021

May 15, 2021 – Southfields, NY

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4 miles

Max elevation: 1,047 ft.– total elevation gain 621 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Buy Map: Sterling Forest Trails Map 2020 #100

Free Map: Sterling Forest State Park Trail Map

Trailhead parking: Furnace Loop Trailhead – Southfields, NY 10975

Large dirt parking area at the end of an unmaintained dirt road – portable toilet on site

Please note: Hunting is permitted in the park during hunting seasons. Hikers should wear bright clothing.

Park Overview:

Located within the towns of Tuxedo, Warwick, and Greenwood Lake in Orange County, NY, Sterling Forest State Park comprises nearly 22,000 acres of nearly pristine natural refuge amidst one of the nation’s most densely populated areas. It includes numerous lakes, streams and miles of hiking trails. The Park is also the home of significant historic sites relating to the mining of iron ore and production of iron products from colonial days up through the early years of the 20th century.

Sterling Forest State Park contains significant natural resources. 95% of the park is designated as a Park Preserve Area and as a Bird Conservation Area. The Park also contains many rare animals. In addition to the Timber Rattlesnake, the Park contains a wide variety of amphibians and reptiles. The North American Beaver are a common species which are also widespread in Sterling Forest State Park, inhabiting many of the Park’s major drainages and wetland systems.

Indian Hill is strategically located between Bear Mountain-Harriman State Parks and Sterling Forest. At 1,047 feet above sea level, the summit of Indian Hill offers views of the surrounding lands of the Ramapo River Valley, Sterling Forest and Harriman State Park.

View east towards Harriman State Park

The property is made up of wooded, rolling hills and former farm fields, with hardwood forest and exposed bedrock, characteristics of the Highlands Region. It contains a pond, several wooded wetlands, steep bedrock slopes and picturesque streams.

Warbler Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

The property is also home to Southfields Furnace, a site listed on the National and State Registers of Historic Places as one of the most intact iron furnaces in the Highlands Region.

The Appalachian National Scenic Trail traverses Harriman State Park, then enters into Sterling Forest directly adjacent to the northern flank of Indian Hill. There is a 0.5-mile connector trail that links the two.

Indian Hill Loop – Sterling Forest State Park

A NYS DEC hunting license and a Sterling Forest State Park hunting permit are required to hunt in the park, which is only permitted during deer and turkey season. Some areas are closed to hunting.

History:

In the Town of Tuxedo, off Orange Turnpike, just north of Bramerton Road, is Indian Hill, a section of Sterling Forest State Park. It was an old farm going all the way back to 1697. The property was sold several times, but in 1804 it ended up with the Townsend family, who also owned the Sterling Furnace further south. They built another iron furnace up here at Southfields. It was quite a large farm, employing more than 400 people. Indian Hill got its name from a golf course that was planned for the land back in the 1940’s.

In the deep woods of Indian Hill are tall, wide and meticulously-constructed stone walls that are much too wide to be property markers. Some folks have hypothesized that those walls were sacred, constructed by Native Americans and used to mark the summer solstice. Others have written that the walls are “mysterious.”

wide stone walls – Indian Hill Loop Trail

Donald “Doc” Bayne, president of the Friends of Sterling Forest and a former park ranger and environmental historian who retired in 2011, has said: “What we believe is that the farmer would let his cows graze in the pasture in the morning, take them down to the stream for water, and then bring them back up to relax under those big shade trees in the afternoon. Those walls were to contain the herds and keep the cattle away from the crops and for that, they needed to be both tall and wide.”

wide stone walls – Indian Hill Loop Trail

“We call the road between the big walls ‘Broadway’ because it’s wide enough for three wagons,” Doc says. “There are signs of bridge abutments down by the stream, with the remnants of five small houses which we believe housed the farmhands.”

“Broadway” – Indian Hill Loop Trail

Sterling Forest State Park was established in 1998 after New York State paid $55 million for 15,280 acres of land using a combination of public and private funds.

The 490-acre Indian Hill tract was acquired independently by Scenic Hudson Land Trust, Inc. for $2.25 million in 1994 from a developer who wanted to build a golf course and luxury housing on the property. Scenic Hudson transferred the property to the Palisades Interstate Park Commission a few years later. In 2002, Indian Hill was added to Sterling Forest State Park.

Indian Hill connects Harriman State Park with Sterling Forest State Park. The NY-NJ Trail Conference built and maintains the 3.8-mile Indian Hill Loop Trail and a 0.5-mile trail that connects to the Appalachian Trail.

Trails Overview:

The trailhead is located off of Orange Turnpike (County Route 19), marked by a sign for “Indian Hill.” There is a large dirt parking area at the end of an unmaintained dirt road. The parking area has a portable toilet.

Indian Hill Trailhead – Sterling Forest State Park

It’s a 0.2-mile drive down this dirt road to the parking area. Low lying vehicles are not recommended for this road as it is rutted in places and there are potholes as well.

Indian Hill Trailhead – Sterling Forest State Park

Although hard to tell in this photograph, there is a short steep incline from the road to the parking area. Low lying vehicles may bottom out here. The parking area itself has space for about 14 vehicles.

Indian Hill Trailhead – Sterling Forest State Park

The white-stripe-on-yellow-blazed Indian Hill Loop Trail is a closed loop trail that is approximately 3.8 miles long of moderate difficulty. There are several seasonal viewpoints along the trail. The trail parallels and cuts through an extensive system of rock walls, both natural and man-made. From this trail, connection can be made to both the Appalachian Trail to the north and the Furnace Loop trail to the south. This trail is maintained by the NY-NJ Trail Conference.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

Hike Overview:

This moderate four-mile hike is perfect for both beginner and intermediate hikers looking for a more challenging hike. Indian Hill is not as well-known as the more popular trails, and the area provides nice views of the surrounding hills in a more serene setting. It also boasts some of the largest and oldest oak trees which can be found in the park. For those that are navigationally challenged, this hike follows just one trail (optional short detour) for the entire hike, making getting lost very difficult.

With a widespread gasoline shortage along the U.S. East Coast, we decided to keep the travel to a minimum. With only a 30 minute drive from the Tappan Zee Bridge, this hike was perfect. I have had this hike on my list since 2017, but had forgotten about it. Trying to find hikes that are lightly trafficked has become increasingly difficult these days, but this one checked all the boxes. No crowds, plenty of parking, nice views and well marked trails.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

There are several short steep climbs and numerous ups and downs on this hike, but the elevation gain at about 621-ft. is at the lower spectrum of a moderate hike.

elevation profile – Indian Hill Loop Trail

The Hike:

This hike follows the white-stripe-on-yellow-blazed Indian Hill Loop Trail, described here in a counter-clockwise direction. From the information kiosk in the parking area, the trail proceeds through a hemlock grove, bears right and climbs to the crest of a rise. After descending a little, it climbs to reach an open granite ledge, with west-facing views over the hills of Sterling Forest.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

A short distance beyond, the red-blazed Furnace Loop Trail joins from the right. Continue ahead, now following both yellow and red blazes, as the joint trails climb to the ridgetop and descend into a valley, crossing several stone walls. After climbing to another rock ledge, with partial views to the south and east, they descend to a junction with a woods road. The trails turn right onto the road, but you may wish to detour to the left on this road, the route of the Warbler Trail, which leads in 200 feet to a dam and a picturesque pond.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

Warbler Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

Retrace your steps back to the junction and continue to follow the joint Indian Hill/Furnace Loop trails. Soon, the red-blazed Furnace Loop Trail leaves to the right. For the remainder of the hike, you’ll be following only the white-stripe-on-yellow blazes of the Indian Hill Loop Trail. The trail now crosses a stream on rocks and climbs to a panoramic south-facing viewpoint from a rock ledge. It then ascends to the ridgetop, which it follows north.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

After a relatively level stretch, the trail climbs to the highest point on the ridge (1,047 feet). Just beyond, rock ledges to the right of the trail offer unobstructed views across the Ramapo Valley to Harriman State Park. Green Pond Mountain dominates the view, with the grassy Elk Pen in the foreground and the New York State Thruway below in the valley.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

From the ridge, the trail descends gradually on switchbacks. Near the bottom, it briefly follows a stone wall, then turns right onto a woods road. At the base of the descent, it turns left onto a woods road between unusually wide stone walls. Soon, the trail turns right, goes through a gap in a massive stone wall, and continues on a footpath, passing a huge oak tree.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

After crossing a stone wall, the Indian Hill Loop Trail reaches a junction with a blue-blazed trail that begins on the right and heads north to connect, in 0.4 mile, with the white-blazed Appalachian Trail. Here, the Indian Hill Loop Trail turns left and begins to parallel the stone wall. It soon crosses two more stone walls, as well as a woods road lined on both sides with wide stone walls.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

After passing through a wide gap in yet another stone wall, the trail turns left onto a grassy woods road. At a T-intersection, it turns right onto another woods road, which it follows for about a quarter mile to the barrier gate just beyond the parking area. Turn left and climb to the parking area, where the hike began.

Indian Hill Loop Trail – Sterling Forest State Park

Indian Hill Loop Trail parking area

Review:

A thoroughly enjoyable hike through a lightly trafficked area of Sterling Forest. We only encountered several hikers along the trail and that was near the trailhead. The views although nowhere near spectacular, were frequent enough to make for stop points along the hike and take a short break. Some of the viewpoints were more like keyhole views, but during leaf-off season, they are probably more wide ranging. The abundance of markers makes this trail easy to follow and the place was litter free. Worth a visit to escape the crowds at some of the more popular hiking spots. With the exception of the rock outcrops, there is plenty of shade along the trail from the dense canopy of trees, making this a great choice on those hot sunny days.

Pros:

Well marked trails, litter free, scenic landscape, numerous scenic viewpoints, lightly trafficked area.

Cons:

Some thruway noise can be heard along the eastern side of Indian Hill.

Take a hike!

Indian Hill Loop – Sterling Forest State Park

Sources:

Dater Mountain Nature Park

Posted on May 11, 2021

May 9, 2021 – Sloatsburg, NY

Difficulty: Moderate – strenuous

Length: Approximately 4 miles

Max elevation: 958 ft.– total elevation gain 836 ft.

Route type: Lollipop Loop

Buy Map: Harriman-Bear Mountain Trails Map #118

Free Map: Dater Mountain Nature Park Trail Map

Trailhead parking: Johnsontown Road – Sloatsburg, NY 10974

Parking available for about 4-5 vehicles, no restrooms on site.

Park Overview:

Dater Mountain Nature Park is a Rockland County park located in the New York/New Jersey Highlands in the town of Sloatsburg, NY. The 350-acre park is adjacent to Harriman State Park’s southwestern border. It is a heavily wooded undeveloped park with steep inclines and rocky slopes with a number of mountain tops and valleys crossed by several small streams.

Dater Mountain Nature Park

A view of the Village of Tuxedo, The New York State Thruway, and Orange County may be seen from the high elevations, some rising 940 feet above sea level. Dater Mountain Nature Park contains eight federally designated wetlands and provides habitat for two NY State endangered species, the Northern Cricket Frog and the Allegheny Woodrat; and one threatened species, the Timber Rattlesnake. Orange and Rockland transmission lines traverse the western section of the park.

View of NYS Thruway – Dater Mountain Nature Park

History:

Dater Mountain Nature Park has many local tribal and family histories. The Munsee Indians once inhabited the property. It is the westerly part of the Spence Patent, that contained 1,820 acres of land, one of four grants given to officers of the British Army by George III on January 18, 1775. Dater Crossing brought the locality into contact with Route 17 and Tuxedo. The area was extensively logged in the later 1700’s and into the 1800’s; trees were burned in pits to produce charcoal for the smelting of iron ore. Many of these pits can be found throughout the property.

The land was acquired by Rockland County in two phases;

In 1981, 150 acres were obtained through tax delinquency. At that time, the park was landlocked by private property and had limited public accessibility.

In 1991, the Village of Sloatsburg reviewed a proposal to subdivide an adjacent property into 71 single-family lots. The former owners indicated that if the Johnsontown Road Property was not purchased by the county, they would propose a similar subdivision.

Phase 2 included the acquisition 237 acres of land in 2004 as part of Rockland County’s Open Space Acquisition Program. Rockland County provided the vast majority of the funds for the $4.9 million purchase. The county received a $350,000 grant from the State of New York Environmental Protection Fund to assist in the acquisition.

Dater Mountain Nature Park

The new acquisition of open space, connects Dater Mountain Nature Park to the adjoining Harriman State Park via its network of trails. The small parking area was constructed to make the park more easily accessible.

Trails Overview:

The trail system in Dater Mountain Nature Park was established in August 2005 and consists of approximately three miles of marked trails that weave their way through the park. There are also several unmarked footpaths and woods roads that one can explore as well. The Orange and Blue Trails connect to form about a 2.5 mile loop. Hikers can continue on the Orange Trail to its terminus at a T-intersection with the white-blazed Kakiat Trail and enter into Harriman State Park for a longer hike.

The trails are well blazed and easy to follow. With the exception of several blowdowns, which can be easily negotiated, the trails are well maintained and free of litter. The trails are managed and maintained by the Rockland County Parks Commission.

Hike Overview:

Due to a late start on a Sunday morning (Mother’s Day), I was looking for a hike close by where the parking area wouldn’t be filled by the time we got there. Although the parking area can only accommodate 4 or 5 cars, when we arrived shortly before 10am, there was only one car in the small parking area.

parking area – Dater Mountain Nature Park

This Lollipop Loop includes a detour to Almost Perpendicular, just beyond the park’s northeastern border with Harriman State Park. This add-on is worth the extra mileage and elevation gain that it takes to get there. It also provides the best view on this particular hike.

Almost Perpendicular – Harriman State Park

This Lollipop Loop follows the Orange Trail until it’s terminus at a junction with the white-blazed Kakiat Trail, then turning left on the Blue Disc Trail to Almost Perpendicular, the turnaround spot. From there, retracing steps back to the Orange and Blue Trails junction, continuing on Blue until its terminus at a junction with the Orange Trail and retracing steps back to the parking area.

Dater Mountain Nature Park

The added elevation gain and steepness of the Blue Disc Trail to Almost Perpendicular, increases the level of difficulty. This detour into Harriman State Park can be skipped, keeping the hike entirely in Dater Mountain Nature Park, making it a shorter and less difficult hike.

elevation profile – Dater Mountain Nature Park

The Hike:

To the left of the parking area, there is a triple-orange blaze on a rock. This marks the start of the Orange Trail. Follow the Orange Trail as it parallels Johnsontown Road a short distance before it turns sharp right. The Orange Trail now begins a rather steep ascent on a footpath.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

As you near the crest of the hill, you’ll notice a triple-blue blaze on a tree to the left. This marks the start of the Blue Trail, which will be your return route, but for now, continue along the Orange Trail, which turns sharply right. After climbing a little more, the Orange Trail descends to cross a small stream in a narrow hollow, with a rock ledge looming above.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

The trail continues to climb until you reach a panoramic south-facing viewpoint from open rocks to the right of the trail. You can see the hills of Harriman State Park, with the Reeves Brook Visitor Center visible on your right when there are no leaves on the trees.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Continue along the Orange Trail, which levels off for a short distance, then continues to climb. When you reach the height of the land, there is a view of Dater Mountain from open rocks about 50 feet to the right of the trail.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

The Orange Trail now descends to reach an intersection with the Blue Trail, which begins on the left. Turn right here and continue following the Orange Trail, heading northeast along a pleasant woods road.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

In about 0.3 mile, after crossing an open area where the trail traverses a slab of bedrock, the Orange Trail ends at a T-intersection with the white-blazed Kakiat Trail. Turn right and follow the white blazes along a woods road, soon entering Harriman State Park.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

terminus of Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Kakiat Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

In about 450 yards from the junction with the Orange Trail, the Kakiat Trail crosses a woods road, the route of the blue-on-white blazed Blue Disc Trail. Turn left here, leaving the Kakiat Trail and begin following the blue-on-white blazes.

Blue Disc Trail – Harriman State Park

The Blue Disc Trail now begins a steep climb along the woods road. About halfway up, it turns right, crosses a stream, and climbs even more steeply over rocks.

Blue Disc Trail – Harriman State Park

Approximately 1.7 miles from the start of the hike, you have reached the top of Almost Perpendicular, a dramatic viewpoint from the top of a cliff. You can see Seven Lakes Drive directly below, with the Ramapo Mountains in the background.

Almost Perpendicular – Harriman State Park

Almost Perpendicular, a name given to a cliff on Dater Mountain in Harriman State Park by the Fresh Air Club in in 1936.

Almost Perpendicular – Harriman State Park

Since this is your turn around spot, when you are ready to continue, retrace your steps on the Blue Disc Trail, descending steeply.

Almost Perpendicular – Harriman State Park

Blue Disc Trail – Harriman State Park

When you return to the junction with the Kakiat Trail, turn right and follow the white blazes back to the junction with the Orange Trail and turn left.

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Follow the orange blazes back to the junction with the Blue Trail and continue straight on Blue as the Orange Trail leaves to the left.

Continue straight on Blue Trail

Follow the Blue Trail along a woods road. Just beyond the intersection, you’ll cross a stream, the outlet of a wetland on the left. You’ll pass several wetlands along this section of the trail. As you continue, you’ll begin to hear the sounds of traffic on the New York State Thruway, below to the right, which grow louder as you approach Sleater Hill.

Blue Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

About three-quarters of a mile from the start of the Blue Trail, the woods road followed by the trail curves sharply to the left. Here, a side road to the right leads a short distance to a large glacial erratic and a panoramic west-facing viewpoint at a power line tower. The Thruway is directly below, the Village of Sloatsburg is just beyond, and the hills of the Ramapo Mountains in New Jersey and Sterling Forest in New York are in the distance. This is a good spot to take a break.

Turn right to west-facing viewpoint

west-facing viewpoint – Dater Mountain Nature Park

When you’re ready to continue, return to the Blue Trail and turn right. Just beyond, the Blue Trail leaves the woods road and continues on a footpath. It climbs Sleater Hill, passing just to the right of the summit, and then descends, soon reaching a rock outcrop on the right which offers a south-facing view over the Mirror Lake area of Sloatsburg, with the Thruway visible on the right when there are no leaves on the trees.

Blue Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Please note: the trail turns sharp right, but a well defined, but unmarked trail continues ahead. This turn is easy to miss.

turn sharp right to remain on Blue Trail

south-facing viewpoint – Dater Mountain Nature Park

The Blue Trail continues to descend. After crossing a woods road, it levels off, then resumes a gradual descent, ending at an intersection with the Orange Trail. Bear right onto the Orange Trail and follow it downhill, retracing your steps to the parking area where the hike began.

Blue Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Terminus of Blue Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Orange Trail – Dater Mountain Nature Park

Review:

A truly nice hike where we encountered very few hikers. The views from Almost Perpendicular are spectacular and pretty much the highlight of the hike. Dater Mountain Nature Park is well maintained and the trails are easy to follow. We encountered a family of four going in the opposite direction along the Blue Trail and no one else the entire time there. The views are nice and the park is worth a visit to avoid the crowds.

Pros:

Almost Perpendicular, scenic views, glacial erratics, well marked trails, litter free.

Cons:

Thruway noise can be heard along the Blue Trail.

Take a hike!

Dater Mountain Nature Park

Sources:

Raccoon Ridge from Mohican Outdoor Center

Posted on May 3, 2021

May 1, 2021 – Blairstown, New Jersey

Difficulty: Moderate to Strenuous

Length: Approximately 6.2 miles

Max elevation: 1,580 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 805 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: *New 2021* Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny Trails Map

Avenza App Map: Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny Combined

Trailhead parking: 50 Camp Mohican Rd, Blairstown, NJ 07825

Restrooms open to hikers at the Lodge/Visitor Center

Overview:

Raccoon Ridge, officially named Mount Mohican, is a peak of the Kittatinny Mountains in Warren County, New Jersey. The mountain stands 1,580 feet above sea level. It lies along the Appalachian Trail in Worthington State Forest. On some maps and guidebooks it is called Raccoon Ridge because of the many bumps before and after the summit. Mt. Mohican is situated between Mt. Tammany and Catfish Mountain. It offers great views to the East, West, and North, with limited views to the South.

Raccoon Ridge

Raccoon Ridge is the premier spot to observe the migrating hawks that pass through northern NJ on their way south. Hawk counting started on this ridge way back in 1935. Raccoon Ridge averages about 15,000 hawks per entire year, which runs from the end of August until early December. Raptors as well as other birds use the thermals and updrafts on these mountain ridges and coastline on their southern migration to conserve energy. Early to mid October is the best time to observe the most species of migrating raptors ranging from the smallest Falcon, the Kestrel, to the largest raptor, the Golden Eagle. About 14 different species of raptors are usually observed during a season.

Trail Overview:

Appalachian Trail – Delaware Water Gap

The Appalachian Trail enters the Delaware Water Gap at Totts Gap, crosses the Delaware River on the Route 80 Bridge, goes to Sunfish Pond and continues northeast to Stokes State Forest. The trail crosses Route 206 and continues along the ridgeline of the Kittatinny Mountains to High Point State Park and eventually goes into New York State.

The section featured on this hike is extremely rocky. The trail is covered with both sharp-pointed and round rocks, making it at times an ankle breaker type trail. The white blazes are faded and hard to see at times during the early part of this hike, but the trail is well defined and easy to follow.

Appalachian Trail – Mount Mohican

Hike Overview:

This is a straightforward out and back hike on a section of the historic Appalachian Trail south from the Mohican Outdoor Center in the Delaware Water Gap. Enjoy great ridge views in both directions along the AT. There are plenty of places to stop for lunch or a short break, including the summit of Mount Mohican, which is marked with a large rock cairn.

Although this hike travels mostly through a section of the 70,000-acre Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, Raccoon Ridge itself lies within the 6,660-acre Worthington State Forest. The hike begins and ends at the AMC Mohican Outdoor Center, which allows free parking in their sizable lot and public restrooms. The parking lot is located just past the lodge. They do request that you check in at the lodge/visitor center and register your vehicle info. Parking at the Mohican Outdoor Center adds about 0.6 mile to the hike.

AMC Mohican Outdoor Center – Delaware Water Gap

There are restrooms and showers in the Lodge that are open to hikers.

AMC Mohican Outdoor Center – Delaware Water Gap

Along with lodging, maps, books, gifts and hiking gear, they have a deli on site and ice cream. Hikers are always welcome and their staff is friendly as well as helpful. This is a great place to begin and end a hike.

AMC Mohican Outdoor Center – Delaware Water Gap

There is roadside parking where the Appalachian Trail crosses Camp Mohican Road. The road is narrow so we decided to park a little farther up in the parking lot.

Camp Mohican Road – Delaware Water Gap

This out and back hike follows the white-blazed Appalachian Trail for its entirety. Along some sections of the trail, the painted blazes are faded or nonexistent, but the trail is well trodden and easy to follow. The trail is extremely rocky from start to finish, a sort of ankle breaker type trail. Smaller size rocks which protrude through the ground, which requires hikers to almost continually look down to keep from tripping and falling. A quality pair of hiking boots with good ankle protection is strongly recommended for this hike.

Raccoon Ridge from Mohican Outdoor Center

The ascent to the ridge is the steepest part of the hike, but the numerous ups and downs on the way to Raccoon Ridge can wear you down. Remember that you will be coming back the same way.

elevation profile – Raccoon Ridge

Rocky trail notwithstanding, this hike offers some of the best views around. There are plenty of spots to stop and relax along the way while enjoying the numerous viewpoints. It is also not as highly trafficked as some of the other trails nearby.

Delaware River from Raccoon Ridge

The Hike:

From the parking area, turn right onto Camp Mohican Road and head downhill for about 0.3 mile. Don’t forget to stop at the lodge/visitor center to check in. Continue down the hill to where the Appalachian Trail crosses the road.

Camp Mohican Road – Delaware Water Gap

Turn right onto the white-blazed Appalachian Trail and cross the wooden footbridge that spans Yards Creek.

Appalachian Trail – Delaware Water Gap

In a short distance, the Coppermines Trail begins on the right, but you should veer left at this junction, and climb steadily along the AT, steeply in places, up to the ridge of the Kittatinny Mountains.

Appalachian Trail – Delaware Water Gap

In about half a mile, you’ll reach a limited east-facing viewpoint to the left of the trail at a camp site. This makes a good spot to take a break from the steep climb.

1st viewpoint – Mount Mohican

Looking east across the Kittatinny Valley.

view east – 1st viewpoint

Looking southwest towards the Lower Yards Creek Reservoir.

view southwest – 1st viewpoint

To the left, Catfish Mountain protrudes above the trees.

view northeast – 1st viewpoint

The A.T. now ascends more gradually, then levels off. In another mile, you’ll come to a series of open grassy areas, with panoramic east-facing views. Lower Yards Creek Reservoir is visible directly below, and the northern end of Mt. Tammany may be seen to the south. The A.T. continues south along the ridge, with more views to the left of the trail.

Appalachian Trail – Mount Mohican

In another half a mile, the AT descends briefly, then levels off. Here, the blue-on-white-blazed Kaiser Trail joins from the right (the junction is marked with a sign). Continue ahead on the AT. When the Kaiser Trail (also designated as Kaiser Road) leaves to the left in a third of a mile, you should continue to follow the AT, which climbs briefly, descends a little, then begins a steady climb.

Continue past the junction with the Kaiser Trail

Lower Yards Creek Reservoir.

Appalachian Trail – Mount Mohican

Soon, you’ll reach a sign marking the boundary between the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area and Worthington State Forest. Just beyond, you’ll come to a panoramic west-facing viewpoint over the Delaware River, with Poxono Island visible to the north, and Smithfield Beach directly across the river in Pennsylvania.

Appalachian Trail – Mount Mohican – Worthington State Forest

Proceed ahead on the A.T. to the wide-open summit of Mt. Mohican (also known as Raccoon Ridge), marked by a large cairn. From here, there are spectacular views to the west, east and north.

Appalachian Trail – Mount Mohican – Worthington State Forest

This is the turn around spot on this hike. Take your pack off, have a seat and take in the gorgeous views from Raccoon Ridge.

Raccoon Ridge summit

Upon arriving at the summit, there were several people there, but they left. For more than 30 minutes, we had it all to ourselves.

Raccoon Ridge summit

Bring an American Flag to plant at the summit.

Raccoon Ridge summit

The Delaware River and Smithfield Beach directly across the river in Pennsylvania.

Delaware River from Raccoon Ridge

The Delaware River and Smithfield Beach directly across the river in Pennsylvania.

Delaware River from Raccoon Ridge

Looking west towards Pennsylvania.

view west from Raccoon Ridge

Looking south.

view south from Raccoon Ridge

Lower Yards Creek Reservoir from Raccoon Ridge.

Lower Yards Creek Reservoir from Raccoon Ridge

Looking back over the route just hiked, with the Delaware River on the left.

view northeast from Raccoon Ridge

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps on the AT, keeping your eyes open for Bald Eagles.

Bald Eagle – Appalachian Trail – Delaware Water Gap

When the Appalachian Trail reaches Camp Mohican Road, turn left and walk up the road for 0.3 mile, back to the parking area where the hike began. Don’t forget to stop at the camp store for some ice cream!

turn left on Camp Mohican Road

Review:

A fantastic hike along the Kittatinny Mountain range on the historic Appalachian Trail. Although rocky nearly every step of the way, the views and the scenic landscape, along with seeing a Bald Eagle, makes this hike worth every step. During leaf-off season, there is almost a constant view through the trees from the trail along the ridge. The numerous viewpoints gives one an excuse to stop and rest. A sturdy pair of hiking boots with good ankle protection is highly recommended. I must have tripped, stumbled or side-stepped a rock over a dozen times. The white blazes could use a fresh coat of paint in some areas, but the AT is a beaten path and thus easy to follow. Unlike some of the more popular hiking destinations, we ran into relatively few people during this hike. I was surprised that there wasn’t a crowd at the summit, but possibly because of the distance and the somewhat rugged nature of the trail, less people seem to want to venture out this far for an Instagram pic. Overall a great hike. Don’t forget to stop in at the camp store for some cold refreshments. They have Good Humor Chocolate Eclairs, they’ll hit the spot after your hike.

Pros:

Outstanding views, Appalachian Trail, Raccoon Ridge, easy to follow trail, ice cream.

Cons:

The summit needs a flagpole.

Take a hike!

Raccoon Ridge from Mohican Outdoor Center

Sources:

Windbeam Mountain from Stonetown Recreation Complex

Posted on April 20, 2021

April 18, 2021 – Ringwood, New Jersey

Difficulty: Moderate to Strenuous

Length: Approximately 3.2 miles

Max elevation: 1040 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 759 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: North Jersey Trails Map #115 – NYNJTC

Trailhead parking: Stonetown Recreation Complex – Mary Roth Drive, Ringwood, NJ 07456

Overview:

Windbeam Mountain is part of the easternmost section of the New Jersey Highlands. It is located north of Wanaque in Ringwood. To the east, it is bounded by the Wanaque Reservoir, separating it from the Ramapo Mountains. To the north, is the 920-ft. Bear Mountain and Little Windbeam (720-ft.) to the south. The Stonetown Recreation Complex lies at its western base.

Windbeam Mountain from Stonetown Recreation Complex

At an elevation of 1040 feet above sea level, Windbeam Mountain rises in a long steep, wooded and rocky slope 800 feet above the valley below. Since it is taller than the neighboring hills, the mostly flat twin summits, provide wide ranging views in all directions.

view south of Wanaque Reservoir – Windbeam Mountain

The mountain is part of almost 3,000 acres of land that adjoins the Wanaque Reservoir that is owned by the North Jersey District Water Supply Commission (NJDWSC).

History:

The original occupants of this area were the Lenape Indians, who were attracted to the land for its diverse natural resources and abundance of freshwater sources, which they utilized for fishing, hunting, and navigation. In fact, Wanaque is the name given to the valley by the Lenape and has been translated as “valley of sassafras.”

There have been at least fourteen different spellings of Windbeam throughout the years. Winbeam, Windbeamus, Wimbeamus, Wiembemis, Weembemus, Weembeamus, Winbeamus, Weambemus, Weambeames, Wenbeamus, Winbbeam are some of them.

In some of the old deeds it is spelled “Wimbemus.” Some say that Wimbemus means “chestnut tree.” Windbeam and the other mountains nearby, were covered with tall healthy chestnut trees. Some would suggest a derivation from wimb, heart of a tree; -bi, tree; moschiwi, bare, open: a solitary tree on a bleak mountain top.

Trails Overview:

The Stonetown Circular Trail and the Highlands Trail are coaligned as they traverse the rocky summit. These are the only official trails that summit the mountain. The trail is well marked, but there are a lot of turns and switchbacks, so keeping an eye on the blazes is essential.

coaligned Highlands and the Stonetown Circular Trails – Windbeam Mountain

Following the Stonetown Circular Trail from the Stonetown Recreation Complex, it passes through a low lying wet area and it is a steep rocky climb over Little Windbeam and up to Windbeam summit, gaining almost 800 feet in elevation in about a mile and a half.

Please note: The North Jersey District Water Supply Commission (NJDWSC), which owns the property that is traversed by these trails, allows access to their property for hiking and the maintenance of the trails. Please help to keep these trails open by staying on the trails and respecting private property. Carry out what you carry in.

Hike Overview:

This hike begins and ends at the Stonetown Recreation Complex on Mary Roth Drive. There shouldn’t be any issues finding a spot in the large parking lot.

Stonetown Recreation Complex

Across the street from the parking lot is Windbeam Mountain. If you look up towards the summit, you may spot the American Flag flying. That is your destination.

American Flag – Windbeam Mountain summit

This out and back hike follows the red-triangle-on-white blazed Stonetown Circular Trail for its entirety. First summiting Little Windbeam (720-ft.) then Windbeam (1,040-ft.), and summiting Little Windbeam from the north on the way back. The entire ascent is steep and quite rocky, as is the descent. Hiking poles are a plus. The beginning and end of this hike passes through a wet area with several small stream crossings. A good pair of waterproof hiking boots and bug spray is recommended.

Windbeam Mountain from Stonetown Recreation Complex

According to the New Jersey 1K Club, At only 1040-ft., Windbeam is the fifth lowest mountain on our NJ1K list, but Windbeam actually takes more vertical climbing to summit than nearly any other mountain in New Jersey. The trail’s ascent up Windbeam from the south is one of the longest sustained steeps in New Jersey.

Windbeam Mountain from Stonetown Recreation Complex

Although this is an out and back, the return route gives hikers a different look.

The Hike:

Walk back out of the entrance road of the Stonetown Recreation Complex. Diagonally to the right and across the road you will see two offset red-triangle-on-white blazes on a pole. This is the Stonetown Circular Trail which you will be following for the entire hike. The trail heads east into the woods, through wetlands and immediately rock hops a small stream. The trail curves to the right (south) as it skirts the base of Windbeam Mountain. This area could be wet and muddy after rainfall.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

The Stonetown Circular Trail comes to a junction with an unmarked trail and turns right, rock hops another stream and soon comes close to Stonetown Road before veering away from it. The trail descends a little and crosses another stream before ascending steeply the southwest slope of Little Windbeam. The trail soon descends again before resuming its climb.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

Stonetown Circular Trail – Little Windbeam

After about 0.7 mile, the trail reaches a junction with the Highlands Trail, which comes in from the right. Turn left at the junction (northeast) and follow the two coaligned trails as they climb Little Windbeam very steeply.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Little Windbeam

As the trail climbs, you may want to stop to catch your breath and look behind you as the views start to open up. As you continue the steep ascent of Little Windbeam, more views will appear. On the way back they will be more obvious.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Little Windbeam

The trail levels off at the summit of Little Windbeam, which makes a good spot to rest before you make your way to Windbeam Mountain.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Little Windbeam

The trail descends into a col, with Windbeam Mountain summit looming just ahead.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Little Windbeam

The trail begins its steep ascent of Windbeam Mountain. As you climb higher, better views begin to appear.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

As you climb, there are several rock outcrops, to the left of the trail with open views. Across the valley, the hills of Norvin Green State Forest are visible to the west.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

As the trail continues to climb, stop to take a breather and turn around for some southwest-facing views.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

As the trail nears the summit, there is a large rock outcrop just off the trail to the left with far reaching views south over the Wanaque Reservoir and beyond. In my opinion this is the best view on this hike. This makes a great place to take a break and rest up from the climb.

view south of Wanaque Reservoir – Windbeam Mountain

When you are ready to continue, follow the blazes a short distance to the summit of Windbeam Mountain, marked with an American Flag.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

Windbeam Mountain summit

If the summit is crowded, continue to the 2nd summit. The trail descends steeply a short distance then climbs. It’s a slight scramble to the 2nd summit, but doable by most.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

At the top of the 2nd summit, to the right is a rock outcrop with panoramic views northeast to southeast.

view southeast – Windbeam Mountain 2nd summit

view northeast – Windbeam Mountain 2nd summit

On a clear day, the Manhattan skyline is visible in the distance.

view of Manhattan skyline – Windbeam Mountain 2nd summit

Continue north a short distance to another rock outcrop with west-facing views.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

view southwest – Windbeam Mountain 2nd summit

This is the turn around spot for the hike described here. If you would like to extend the hike, the Stonetown Circular Trail (the same route as the Highlands Trail) continues north to Bear and Board Mountains.

view northwest – Windbeam Mountain 2nd summit

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps on the Stonetown Circular Trail, back to the first summit.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

Old Glory flies proudly at the summit.

Windbeam Mountain summit

Looking west from the flagpole at the summit.

view west – Windbeam Mountain summit

A zoomed in view of the ballfields at the Stonetown Recreation Complex.

view west – Windbeam Mountain summit

On the opposite side from the flag, there is another rock outcrop with sweeping views, northeast to southeast. We missed this on the way up.

view northeast – Windbeam Mountain summit

view southeast – Windbeam Mountain summit

Descending the summit, you may want to make another stop at the south-facing viewpoint.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

view south – Windbeam Mountain

aircraft – Windbeam Mountain

Windbeam Mountain

From there, continue to retrace your steps on the Stonetown Circular Trail, descending steeply and back to the parking area, where the hike began.

Stonetown Circular Trail – Windbeam Mountain

Review:

This is high up on my list of favorite hikes. The views are some of the best around and there are plenty of them. The trail is very steep and rocky, but the payoff makes it worth it. There are numerous rock outcrops with expansive views that make for great picnic spots. The abundance of blazes makes the trail easy to follow. We began this hike on a Sunday morning at about 8:30am and only ran into a handful of people the entire hike. The trail and the summits were free of any trash, let’s keep it that way.

Pros:

Well marked trails, outstanding views, not highly trafficked area, large parking lot.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

Windbeam Mountain from Stonetown Recreation Complex

Sources:

Anthony’s Nose from Route 202

Posted on April 12, 2021

April 10, 2021 – Cortlandt, NY

Difficulty: Moderate – strenuous

Length: Approximately 3 miles

Max elevation: 910 ft. – total elevation gain: approximately 749 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Map: East Hudson Trails Map #101

Trailhead parking: Anthony’s Nose U-Bend Parking Lot – Bear Mountain Bridge Rd, Cortlandt, NY 10567 (room for about 6 cars)

Details on hikes to Anthony’s Nose via different routes:

Overview:

Anthony’s Nose is a peak along the Hudson River at the north end of Westchester County, New York. Together with Dunderberg Mountain, it comprises the South Gate of the Hudson Highlands. The 910 ft. peak has been known as Anthony’s Nose since at least 1697, when the name appears on a grant patent. Pierre Van Cortlandt, who owned this mountain, said it was named for a pre-Revolutionary War sea captain, Anthony Hogan. This captain was reputed to have a Cyrano de Bergerac type nose.

Anthony’s Nose as viewed from Bear Mountain

Anthony’s Nose is one of the more popular hikes in the Hudson Valley and on weekends the cars are lined up along Route 9D as a testament to its popularity. The short, but steep hike to the summit offers some spectacular views up and down the Hudson River. There are several approaches to the summit with varying degrees of difficulty, but none are easy due to the sometimes rough terrain and/or sudden elevation gain. Due to the crowds, this is a hike better done on weekdays.

History:

Anthony’s Nose was strategically important during the American Revolution. The road at its base along the Hudson River (present day US 202) was a choke-point in the Hudson Highlands north of Peekskill. The only wagon road on the east side of the Hudson River, the Albany Post Road, ran from NYC to Albany, and passed along the river here. It could be easily defended from atop the steep rock face.

During 1777, George Washington ordered the construction of a large chain across the Hudson from the shore near Anthony’s Nose to the opposite shore below Fort Montgomery. Although meant to keep the British ships from passing, it didn’t work. The chain was sunk after several well placed British cannon shots. It was blown to bits and on October 6, 1777, the British sailed through the opening, destroyed Fort Constitution, attacked Forts Montgomery and Clinton and sailed up to Kingston and burned most of the city to the ground. During April 1780, the chain was again stretched across the river and taken out of the water on October 16 (after the defection of Benedict Arnold). On April 10, 1781 the chain was once more reinstalled across the river.

The Bear Mountain Bridge was constructed in 1924 along approximately the same alignment where the chain was laid out. An airway beacon was once located on the summit.

Hike Overview:

Please Note: Camp Smith (military reservation) is about 50 feet to the right of the trail in most places on the way to the Nose. It is heavily used by the military and may include live gunfire. For your safety, you must stay on the marked trail. Many places to the left of the trail there are steep cliffs that drop down to the Bear Mountain Road. For your safety and the motorists below, please stay on the trail lest you dislodge rocks onto the cars.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

This hike climbs Anthony’s Nose from the south and begins at a smaller parking area on Route 6/202 at a large bend in the road, 2.2 miles north of the entrance to Camp Smith, also known as the U-Bend Parking Lot. Since the trailhead parking is smaller, there is a lot less foot traffic than from the trailhead on Route 9D.

Route 202 trailhead – Anthony’s Nose

You still wind up at the same great viewpoint, which more times than not, is crowded on a nice day. There are also several viewpoints along this route that give hikers a different look.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

The climb is steep, gaining over 250 feet in elevation in the first 1/2 mile and almost 500 feet by the first mile. There are several sections that are somewhat level along the way that give a reprieve from the steep climb. The trail travels through very rocky sections and over open rock slabs. Probably not a good hike under wet conditions.

The trail is well marked, but one should keep their eyes on the blazes so as not to wander onto Camp Smith property on one of the unmarked trails. There are numerous signs along the boundary to let you know.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

This hike is a basic out and back, which means that you will be returning the way you came. Since the mountain borders a busy road on one side and Camp Smith on the other, a loop is not possible here.

Anthony’s Nose from Route 202

You can see by the elevation profile the steepness of the climb and the descent on the way back.

Anthony’s Nose from Route 202

The Hike:

From the parking area, head into the woods past the kiosk and turn left on the blue-blazed Camp Smith Trail.

Route 202 trailhead – Anthony’s Nose

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

Heading north towards Anthony’s Nose, the trail crosses Broccy Creek and leads gradually uphill, parallel to the road.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

After turning away from the road, it joins and leaves woods roads and crosses streams.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

Rising out of a ravine, in about a 1/2 mile, the trail turns right onto a rock outcropping with views of the Hudson River, Iona Island, and Bear Mountain-Harriman State Park.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

The view was somewhat obscured by the early morning fog.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

The same viewpoint on our way back around noon.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

Paralleling the river high over the road, the trail first drops slightly then begins to climb steeply. In another 0.3 mile, another rock outcropping with a view offers an excuse to stop before tackling the remaining unrelenting assault up Anthony’s Nose. Along the next 0.4 mile, there are both seasonal and year-round views from open rock slabs.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

Anthony’s Nose summit

Anthony’s Nose summit marker

The trail drops down off the summit and turns right to join a woods road, but you should continue straight ahead to panoramic views of the Hudson River, the Bear Mountain Bridge, and Bear Mountain-Harriman State Park.

Continue straight ahead to Anthony’s Nose Overlook

Anthony’s Nose Overlook

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps back to the woods road that you crossed to get to the overlook. Turn left on the woods road (the continuation of the Camp Smith Trail) and head north, following the sign for the Appalachian Trail. Continue on the woods road for about 400 feet. Look for a faint footpath to the left of the trail. Follow this unmarked trail a short distance uphill towards some concrete footings. This was the site of an airway beacon that once stood guard on Anthony’s Nose. There are two survey markers, one on the footing and one on a rock slab nearby.

turn left on Camp Smith Trail

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

turn left on unmarked trail

site of airway beacon – Anthony’s Nose

Continue past the concrete footings a short distance to a large slanted rock slab with views to the north of the Hudson River.

view north of the Hudson River from Anthony’s Nose

There are at least three more survey markers in close proximity at this viewpoint.

survey marker – Anthony’s Nose

view north of the Hudson River from Anthony’s Nose

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps back to the Camp Smith Trail and turn right (south). When you arrive back at the junction with the Overlook, turn left and follow the blue blazes of the Camp Smith Trail south, now retracing your steps, for another 1.4 miles back to the U-Bend Parking Lot, where the hike began.

Camp Smith Trail – Anthony’s Nose

Review:

Another great Hudson Valley hike. Although the viewpoint can get crowded, depending on which day and what time you get there, the views are totally worth it. This approach, from the U-Bend Parking Lot offers more views and sees less foot traffic. On the way back, I don’t remember passing any other hikers. This hike is best done on a weekday when there are less people on the trails. The small parking lot fills up early. We got there just before 8am on a Saturday and got the last spot.

Pros:

Anthony’s Nose, American Flag, Hudson Valley views, Hudson River, well marked trail, survey markers.

Cons:

Popular spot that does get crowded.

Take a hike!

Anthony’s Nose from Route 202

Sources:

New York-New Jersey Trail Conference

Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

Posted on April 6, 2021

April 4, 2021 – Ringwood, New Jersey

Difficulty: Easy to Moderate

Length: Approximately 2.5 miles

Max elevation: 627 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 383 ft.

Route type: Lollilop Loop

Free Map: Ringwood State Park Trail Map – 2021

Free Map: Ringwood State Park Map NYNJTC

Buy Map: North Jersey Trails Map

Trailhead parking: Cooper Union Trailhead (2-3 cars) – Carletondale Rd, Ringwood, NJ 07456

Alternate parking: Community Presbyterian Church 145 Carletondale Rd, Ringwood, NJ 07456

Overview:

Ringwood State Park is a 4,444 acres state park in Passaic County in northeastern New Jersey. The Park is located in the heart of the Ramapo Mountains in Ringwood. Its forests are part of the Northeastern coastal forests ecoregion.

Ringwood State Park features both wild lands and landscaped gardens. It consists of four distinct areas: Ringwood Manor, Skylands Manor/NJ State Botanical Garden, Shepherd Lake, and Bear Swamp Lake. The park is operated and maintained by the New Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry.

Ringwood State Park

Governor Mountain is a rocky promontory in the southwestern section of Ringwood Manor State Park. It has an elevation of about 627 feet above sea level and is bordered by Sloatsburg Road to the west, Skylands Road to the east and the Wanaque Reservoir to the south. The Cooper Union Trail forms a Lollilop Loop through the mountain, with views of the Wanaque Reservoir from a rock outcrop at its southern end.

Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

History:

The present day Ringwood State Park consists of some of the original land and buildings of the once flourishing iron industry developed in 1740 by the Ringwood Company. By placing a dam on the Ringwood River, the company harnessed water power to operate a blast furnace and forges. Home for a succession of well known ironmasters for nearly 200 years, the estate passed from Peter Cooper to Abram S. Hewitt in the mid 19th century, America’s foremost iron master. In 1936, Erskine Hewitt deeded the Ringwood Manor House and grounds to the State of New Jersey in order to preserve this historic property for posterity.

Trails Overview:

There are 20 official trails within the park, totaling nearly 50 miles. Many trails begin near Ringwood Manor, Skylands Manor, or Shepherd Lake, and extend into the park.

Each area has short trails that allow for exploration of these attractions, and longer trails that explore the surrounding area. Individual trails range from 0.2 to 7 miles. Trails are marked with colored blazes.

Trail used on this hike:

Cooper Union Trail – Yellow • 4.7 miles total length; 2.5 miles this hike • Multiuse

The yellow-blazed trail runs from north to south beginning at a trailhead on Sloatsburg Road at the northern end of the park. Along its route, the trail crosses Morris and Carletondale Roads. The trail heads south through forested hillsides. Near its southern end, the trail splits to form a loop. At the southern end of the loop, there is a scenic view of Wanaque Reservoir.

Wanaque Reservoir and the Ramapo Mountains as viewed from Governor Mountain

The original trail was laid out by members of the Cooper Union Hiking club from the prestigious Manhattan college founded by one of New Jersey’s largest landowners, Peter Cooper. The hiking trails are maintained by volunteers coordinated by the New York-New Jersey Trail Conference.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

Hike Overview:

Being Easter Sunday, I was looking to do a hike on the short side that consisted of more than just a walk in the woods. This hike was a perfect pick. It has a really nice viewpoint over the Wanaque Reservoir and the Ramapo Mountains on the other side. We didn’t encounter anyone else on the trails which made for a quiet morning in the woods.

This Lollipop Loop begins at the Carletondale Road trailhead which can accommodate about 2-3 cars. Please note: You will have to cross the road and head south if starting from here.

Cooper Union Trail – Carletondale Road

There is additional parking at the Community Presbyterian Church, just down the road, but permission is needed on weekdays, according to a sign at the entrance to the trail.

Community Presbyterian Church

This counterclockwise lollipop loop follows the yellow-blazed Cooper Union Trail for its entirety. The trail is well blazed and easy to follow. If starting out from the small trailhead on Carletondale Road, you must cross the road, which the trail also crosses, and begin the hike there, heading south.

Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

Although there are a few steep sections, the elevation gain is mostly gradual and during the first mile of the hike. The mountain itself is barely over 600 feet in elevation, so most hikers shouldn’t have any issues.

Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

The Hike:

From the trailhead parking area, cross Carletondale Road and pick up the yellow-blazed Cooper Union Trail on the opposite side of the street, heading south.

Cooper Union Trail – Carletondale Road

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

In about 950 feet, the trail passes a junction with the connector trail from the Community Presbyterian Church. If you parked in the church parking lot, you would pick up the Cooper Union Trail here and turn left.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

Church Connector – Cooper Union Trail

The trail crosses a small footbridge over a stream and begins to climb on an old woods road.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

In about 540 feet, the yellow-blazed Cooper Union Trail comes to the loop section of the trail. Going in either direction will bring you back to this spot. We opted to go counterclockwise and veered right.

Bear right at the junction – Cooper Union Trail

The trail continues its gradual ascent on the woods road, passing a large boulder to the left of the trail. Soon the trail veers right and goes through a wet area then begins to climb again, now a little more steeply.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

As the trail nears the summit, it levels off and passes more large boulders alongside the trail.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

As the trail nears the southernmost section of Governor Mountain, the Wanaque Reservoir is visible through the leafless trees down below on the right.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

After the trail passes a campsite, it descends to a rock outcrop and turns left.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

As the trail turns left, the rock outcrop just ahead provides a nice view over the Wanaque Reservoir and the surrounding hills.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

viewpoint – Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

leaving the trail, you can continue down below a short distance, to another rock outcrop that affords a better and less obstructed view.

viewpoint – Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

From the lower rock outcrop, there is a more expansive view of the Wanaque Reservoir with Greenwood Lake Turnpike bisecting it.

Wanaque Reservoir and the Ramapo Mountains as viewed from Governor Mountain

Wanaque Reservoir & Greenwood Lake Turnpike

Slightly southwest, the tall hills on the other side of the reservoir are from right to left: Board Mountain, Bear Mountain and Windbeam Mountain.

Wanaque Reservoir and the Ramapo Mountains as viewed from Governor Mountain

A zoomed in view looking south.

lower viewpoint – Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

When you are done enjoying this scenic spot, make your way back to the main trail and continue ahead on the yellow-blazed Cooper Union Trail which ascends slightly, then descends steeply into a hollow.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

Looking back from where the trail descended.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

At the base of the descent, the trail passes through a wet area.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

The trail soon climbs out of the hollow, leaving the wet area behind.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

The trail passes an unmarked footpath on the right. This is the second star (viewpoint) marked on the North Jersey Trails Map, indicating a view. Unfortunately, the trees have grown up around this rock outcrop and only a partial view exists during leaf-off season.

partial viewpoint just off the Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

Continue ahead, following the yellow blazes as they head north. After some minor ups and downs, the trail begins a steady descent.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

In about 0.9 mile from the scenic viewpoint, the yellow-blazed Cooper Union Trail comes to a junction with itself, closing the loop. Turn right and continue following the yellow blazes north, as they continue to descend. You are now retracing your steps from the beginning of the hike.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

In about another 500 feet, the trail crosses the small footbridge over the stream. If you parked in the church parking lot, make the next right and return to your vehicle.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

If you parked at the trailhead on Carletondale Road, continue ahead for about 950 feet, crossing Carletondale Road and back to the parking area, where the hike began.

Cooper Union Trail – Ringwood State Park

Review:

A really nice hike through some quiet and scenic woods that leads to a great viewpoint over the Wanaque Reservoir and surrounding hills. Since this hike follows one trail for its entirety, it is a good hike for beginners and those who are unsure of their navigational skills. Also if short on time, the length makes for a quick hike with an exceptional view. Not a bit of trash was seen on the trail, let’s keep it that way.

Pros:

Well marked trail, beautiful viewpoint, quiet area with little foot traffic.

Cons:

None.

Take a hike!

Governor Mountain – Ringwood State Park

Sources:

Red Mountain Trails – Sharon Land Trust

Posted on March 29, 2021

March 27, 2021 – Sharon, Connecticut

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4 miles

Max elevation: 1,302 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 768 ft.

Route type: Double Stem Lollipop Loop

Maps: Red Mountain Trail System

Trailhead parking: Mary Moore Preserve Trailhead – 24 Williams Rd, Sharon, CT 06069

Overview:

Nestled in the southern foothills of the Berkshires, the topography of Sharon, Connecticut in Litchfield County, is one of its most memorable and recognizable features. Ranging from hilltops to hollows; its high fields and steep hillsides create a diversity of special character. Varying slopes and terrain increase the apparent extent of the landscapes. Intricate, inward-oriented hollows lie in contrast to expansive, outward-viewing hilltops and ridgelines.

Mary Moore Preserve – Sharon Land Trust

Red Mountain is one of four principal ridgelines in Sharon which run northeast to southwest. The trail system travels over three Sharon Land Trust parcels over the Red Mountain Range.

Mary Moore Preserve ~ 181 acres donated to the Sharon Land Trust in 2013 is on the southwestern reach of the Red Mountain Range adjacent to Beardsley Pond. The parcel includes upland shrub land, advanced meadow, farm pasture, and stream/marsh wetland. The upper meadows and the summit area in the northeastern corner provide exceptional views that encompass three states and rank among the best viewing positions in the Berkshires. In 2020, the cliff trail loop was built. It is a wonderful hike through the upper field and into the forest, through boulder fields, ravines, past beautiful cliffs and a seasonal stream.
Wike Brothers Farm ~ 268 acre easement purchased by the Sharon Land Trust & the CT Farmland Trust in 2010 & 2014. Funding for the purchase provided by CT DEEP Open Space Grants, Federal Grants, CT Dept. of Agriculture and private donations. Wike Farm is one of Sharon’s oldest family farms supporting grass-fed beef, chickens and pigs. This trail system follows the ridge line to connect all parcels.
Hamlin Farm Preserve ~ 259 acres purchased with an Open Space Grant in 2002 consists of two farm fields but primarily forest that ranges from the edge of the farm fields east to the upper reaches of Red Mountain.

Please note: There are no signs within the interior of the preserves indicating when you are leaving or entering any of the properties.

There are two access points to the trail system. The main entry point is at the Mary Moore Preserve on Williams Road where there is space for approximately 4 vehicles. The other access point is at the end of Stone House Road, the trailhead for the Hamlin Preserve that has a slightly larger parking area.

Trails Overview:

There are currently over 4 miles of trails throughout the three preserves, with more trails currently being constructed as of March 2021. Starting at the Mary Moore Preserve, the trail climbs the southwestern reach of Red Mountain, through sloping meadows and second growth forest. The trail then traverses the ridgeline to the upper reaches of Red Mountain in the Hamlin Preserve. Along the way, the trail passes what is known as the upper meadow affording hikers with stunning views of farm fields, hills and mountains on the western horizon. The upper meadows and the summit area in the Mary Moore Preserve provide exceptional views of the South Taconic Mountains of Massachusetts, Connecticut and New York.

Mary Moore Lookout

A point to point hike from one trailhead to the other is approximately 3 miles. An out and back from one trailhead to the other is approximately 6.6 miles. A shorter lollipop loop from the Mary Moore Preserve trailhead, using the new Cliff Loop Extension is approximately 2.5 miles. A simple out and back to the Mary Moore Lookout is about 1.5 miles. The latter two, seem to be the more preferred routes of visitors seeking a shorter hike with a view.

Red Mountain Trails – Sharon Land Trust

Although the map shows the trails in different colors and names to distinguish them from one another, they are all blazed white, with the exception of the newly added Cliff Loop Extension (shown as green on the map). If hiking the entire trail system it’s basically an out and back if starting at either trailhead or a point to point if you have a vehicle at each trailhead. The new section of trail (completed in the summer of 2020) is marked with round white discs that have directional arrows in the center and can be used to complete a semi loop.

Cliff Loop Extension – Red Mountain Trails

The Red Mountain Trail System is managed and maintained by the Sharon Land Trust.

Hike Overview:

Always scouring the internet for new places to hike, I ran across this one on another hiking blog. The images of the views was enough to convince me to give it a try. Although the last viewpoint, is about a 3/4-mile into the hike, the rest of the hike was worth doing as well.

Mary Moore Lookout

The viewpoint aside, the scenic landscape, the absence of crowds and the well marked trails, make for a very enjoyable hike through the woods.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

This hike begins and ends at the Mary Moore Preserve Trailhead where there is room for about 4 vehicles.

Mary Moore Preserve – Sharon Land Trust

Red Mountain Trails – Sharon Land Trust

The Hike:

Please Note: The beginning of the hike follows the fence line along the pasture. The fence is electrified, keep pets and children away from it. The field on the other side of the fence is part of the Mary Moore Preserve, but it is actively used for cattle farming. You may see cows grazing in the pasture and the electric fence will keep hikers on the right side of the trail.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

To the right of the kiosk follow the white blazes up the hill alongside the fence. You will be following the white blazes for the entire hike. As the trail approaches a house, turn left following along the electric fence, continuing uphill towards the woods. Looking to your left, views towards Beardsley Pond and beyond start to open up.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Beardsley Pond as viewed from the Mary Moore Lookout Trail

As the trail nears the woods, it turns left, following the fence line. You may want to take a minute and look across the hilly meadow to take in the view once again. As you walk along the fence, the view gets better.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

At the end of the fence, the trail leaves what is known as the upper meadow and ducks into the woods. Follow the white blazes as they pass through a collapsed stone wall and head northeast. In about 630 feet, the trail comes to a junction marked by a sign. To the left is your return route, for now, continue ahead towards Lookout/Stone House Road.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

The trail begins a steady ascent of Red Mountain, sometimes on switchbacks. In about 1,000 feet from the junction, the trail reaches the Mary Moore Lookout.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

You have now hiked about 3/4 of a mile and gained about 275 feet in elevation. This is a good spot to take a break and enjoy the view. From this spot, you can see the South Taconic Mountains of Massachusetts, Connecticut and New York. One can see farmland, spread out along the flatlands, their red barns and silos with cows grazing in the nearby fields.

Mary Moore Lookout

When you are ready to continue, follow the white blazes along the edge of the woods. The trail leaves the meadow, reenters the woods and continues a steady ascent of Red Mountain.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

The trail levels off briefly, skirting the steep slopes.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

In another 1/2 a mile (from the lookout) the trail reaches another junction, the other end of the Cliff Loop. If you only want to do a 2.5 mile loop, turn left. If you wish to extend the hike, continue ahead. The continuation of the hike described here, is an out and back which will return you to this spot.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

The trail continues to climb, but on a more moderate grade. At the top of the rise, you will reach an elevation of about 1302 feet above sea level, the highest point reached during this hike. The trail levels off briefly, then begins a steady descent into White Hollow, passing through the Wikes Preserve and entering the Hamlin Preserve. There are no signs indicating when you are entering or leaving any of the three preserves.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Wike Connector Trail – Sharon Land Trust

At the base of the descent, the trail turns left on an old woods road and climbs gradually. In about another 400 feet, the trail reaches a junction, marked by a sign.

Wike Connector Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Hamlin Bear Trail – Sharon Land Trust

This was our turn around spot. If you would like to extend the hike, you can continue on. If not, retrace your steps along the woods road for about 400 feet, turn right on the footpath which ascends steeply.

Hamlin Bear Trail – Sharon Land Trust

From this junction that leaves the woods road (Wike Connector Trail on map), it is about 1.6 miles back to your vehicle at the Mary Moore Preserve trailhead.

Hamlin Bear Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Wike Connector Trail – Sharon Land Trust

After retracing your steps, you will arrive at the Cliff Loop junction. Turn right here and follow the white blazes marked with directional arrows. This section of trail, also know as the Cliff Loop Extension, was completed in the summer of 2020.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

The trail descends the mountain gradually, passing large rocks along the trail and cliffs to the right that are strewn with boulders.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

Soon the trail turns left, heading southwest and passes through a lovely section of trail that was carefully laid out by volunteers of the Sharon Land Trust in 2020.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

About 1/2 mile from the junction, the trail leaves the woods and enters the lower end of the meadow, beneath the Mary Moore Lookout.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

continue along through the field, staying close to the trees. You will soon see wooden posts with white blazes. To the right, Beardsley Pond is visible through the trees.

Cliff Loop Extension – Sharon Land Trust

At the end of the field, the trail turns left on a footpath, but continue ahead just a few feet and check out the Chinkapin Oak. This Chinkapin Oak is listed as a Connecticut State Champion Tree. It is around 150 years old, 151 inches in circumference, and 92 feet high with a spread of 101 feet.

Chinkapin Oak – Sharon Land Trust

When you are done follow the white blazes uphill for about 500 feet. DO NOT continue on the woods road past the tree.

Cliff Loop – Sharon Land Trust

When the Cliff Loop comes to a T-Intersection, turn right, now retracing your steps from the beginning of the hike. In about 630 feet, the trail reaches the upper meadow. Turn left and follow the fence line as it wraps around the pasture, stopping every so often to get one last look at the lovely views.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Follow the fence line down the hill, back to the parking area where the hike began.

Mary Moore Lookout Trail – Sharon Land Trust

Review:

This is a really nice hike with great views and scenic landscape. The trails and preserves are very well kept and maintained. Not one bit of trash was observed anywhere on the day of our visit. The trails are well blazed with signs at all the junctions. Very quiet woods with minimal foot traffic. This hidden gem is well worth the visit and is suitable for most hikers. Whether you just want to do a short out and back of 1.5 miles to the Mary Moore Lookout, Cliff Loop (2.5 miles from Mary Moore parking area) or a much longer hike to Stone House Road and back, you will not be disappointed.

Pros:

Panoramic views of three states, well marked trails, litter free and well maintained preserves, minimal foot traffic.

Cons:

Small parking area, but that is probably for the best.

Take a hike!

Red Mountain Trails – Sharon Land Trust

Sources:

Mount Nimham Fire Tower Loop

Posted on March 21, 2021

March 21, 2021 – Carmel Hamlet, NY

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 2.3 miles

Max elevation: 1356 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 440 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Maps: Ninham Mountain MUA DEC Trail Map – Ninham Mountain MUA Trail Map

Trailhead parking: Ninham Mountain Multiple Use Area
Mt. Ninham Court, Carmel Hamlet, NY 10512

Overview:

The 1,054-acre Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area is very popular with bikers, hikers and horseback riders and has an extensive network of trails and old roads. Forest cover is mainly mixed hardwoods with some conifer plantations. Please be aware that forest management activities, such as timber thinning or harvesting, may disrupt trail use at times. The forests here are managed to produce forest crops, maintain diverse wildlife habitats, protect water quality and provide recreational opportunities.

Mount Nimham is a sprawling promenade located in the middle of the Town of Kent. The ridge consists of three separate summits with the center summit being the tallest. It forms the southwestern wall of the valley known as Whang Hollow. It is the highest point in the Town of Kent and is well known for its steep slopes and high ridge lines. The mountain boasts rocky outcrops, deep gorges and high ridges. It is dotted with glacial erratics and boulder fields.
Please note: This Multiple Use Area is also heavily used by hunters in season.

The name was recently changed from “Ninham” to “Nimham” to correct a long standing spelling error.

Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area – outdated sign

Located at the 1273 ft. summit of Nimham Mountain is an 82-ft. 6-inch steel tower that is open to the public. With 360° views of the Hudson Valley and the Catskills visible in the distance, makes the Mount Nimham Fire Tower the primary point of interest when visiting. From the top of the fire tower there are outstanding views of the surrounding countryside. To the east lies Whang Hollow, including Pine Pond, Townsend Ridge, Barrett Hill, Beaver Hill, and Hemlock Ledge; to the north, Stockholm Hill and Little and Big Buck Mountains; to the west, Clear Pool and the Boyd Reservoir and Dam; and to the south, Coles Mills and the West Branch Reservoir.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

History:

Originally known locally as Smalley’s Hill, the mountain is named after Chief Daniel Nimham, the greatest Wappinger Sachem and a true American hero. A patriot, Chief Nimham fought and gave his life for American independence, despite having lost his ancestral homeland to the Philipse family and the very settlers he was fighting for. It is reported that Chief Nimham came to this mountain on every birthday he celebrated, climbing to the top to proclaim all that could be seen as the ancestral homeland of the Wappinger.

Chief Daniel Nimham

The original old growth forest was cleared to create planting and grazing fields, with the wood used to build shelters, fuel fireplaces, and provide a source of revenue for the farmers. In addition, mining operations were conducted to remove serpentine and mineral deposits, particularly arsenic. When farming declined in the early 1900’s, New York State purchased the old farmland and eventually designated the majority of the mountain as a Multiple Use Area.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower:

A road to the top of the mountain was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in 1940. The CCC from camp P-135 in Peekskill, NY (Tompkins Corners from 1-5-38 to 1-15-42), received the 82 ½ foot tower and by the end of the 1940 work season, the tower, an observer’s cabin, and a phone line were all constructed. The station went into service in 1941 and in its first year reported 73 fires.

Mount Ninham’s tower soon became a popular destination for the public as it offered great views in all directions. The tower remained in service into the 1970’s when the observer’s position became more of an assistant Forest Ranger (much like many in the State), and the tower was staffed on those higher fire danger days. Officially paid as an observer, the tower’s staffing reportedly ended after the 1988 fire season and the tower was officially closed in early 1989 when the Department of Environmental Conservation determined that fire towers were no longer effective and decided to phase them out of service.

Roster of Nimham Fire Tower by Bill Starr

Shortly after its official closure, vandals moved in and destruction took its course, first damaging the tower & windows. The observer’s cabin was broken into and burned in 1994. The tower sat derelict for a number of years with rumors of its removal being held up by NYS Parks, Recreation & Historic Preservation. The Kent Conservation Advisory Committee restored the tower in 2005 and the official re-dedication was held on July 24, 2005. Mount Nimham Fire Tower is currently open to the public and is on the the National Historic Lookout Register.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

The Kent Conservation Foundation owns the formal stewardship agreement to maintain the Nimham fire lookout tower and coordinates volunteer activities to keep this old fire lookout tower open and accessible to the public. Today, the Kent Conservation Foundation, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization, maintains this historic fire lookout tower through donations. Their main goal is the raise enough funds to repaint the entire structure to continue to protect the steel from aging and weathering. It was last fully painted in 2004 and it is due for a repaint. They do regular maintenance painting to cover graffiti and keep the fire tower looking neat as well as maintain the stone chamber near the parking lot.

Trails Overview:

The Ninham Multiple Use Area is bisected by Gipsy Trail Road and has approximately 10 miles of trails and unpaved forest access roads that allow for multiple kinds of recreation. To the west, from the Mount Nimham Court parking area, two north-south main dirt fire roads begin from the parking area. The fire roads pass through old fields, deciduous woods, and by a small pond. There is an extensive network of single track trails that branch off from the main fire roads that are used by hikers, bikers and horseback riders. To the east, from the Gipsy Trail Rd parking area, there are more trails to explore.

Please note: There are so many trails that snake through the mountain, some insufficiently blazed or not at all, that if venturing off the main fire roads, it is strongly advised to carry a trail map and a compass to avoid getting lost.

Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area Trails

There are four access points that allow parking at the Ninham Multiple Use Area. They are as follows:

Upper Mt. Nimham Court parking area (closest to the fire tower), 8 car capacity.
Lower Mt. Nimham Court parking area, 8 car capacity.
Gipsy Trail Rd parking area, 30 car capacity, spots for 3 horse trailers.
Nichols Street parking area, 6 car capacity.

Hike Overview:

Having visited the Catfish Fire Tower in the Delaware Water Gap the previous weekend, I was in the mood to enjoy some more 360° views from another tower. This also made for a wonderful alternative to some of the more popular and crowded hiking spots in the Hudson Valley. When we arrived at the trailhead at approximately 8am, there were several cars already there and saw a runner leaving his vehicle at that time. At the summit, we saw a lone hiker that stopped briefly and upon our return to the trailhead, at the completion of our hike, we saw several people just embarking on their hike.

This is a short loop hike utilizing Tower Road and an old DEC trail that is primarily used by mountain bikers. This trail is marked with sporadic blue DEC blazes, but the single track trail is well worn and relatively easy to follow. We did not encounter any bikers, but there were fresh tire tracks visible.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower Loop

elevation profile – Mount Nimham Fire Tower Loop

Helpful Hint: I used Gaia GPS (free app) to help navigate this trail as their map layers show most if not all of the trails on this property.

Blue DEC trail marker – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

If you are unsure of your navigational skills, you can simply return on the fire road, retracing your steps after visiting the tower.

The Hike:

There is a stone chamber right at the parking area. This one is different than others that I have seen. This steel roofed chamber was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) as a storage locker for equipment when they were working on building the fire tower and other functions on Nimham Mountain. Unlike the mysterious stone chambers that are found throughout the area, this stone structure has mortared stones, steel beams across the interior ceiling and a corrugated steel roof.

Stone Chamber – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

From the parking area, proceed past the gate to the right of the kiosk. This is shown on the map as “Tower Road.” The road, built in 1940 by the Civilian Conservation Corps, snakes its way up Ninham Mountain.

Kiosk – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

Tower Road – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

In about 200 yards or so, just off the trail on the right, is another stone chamber. In the warmer months, this chamber may be obscured by foliage and difficult to see. You may want to stop and check out this interesting historical feature.

Stone Chamber – Tower Road

Tower Road continues climbing and after about 0.7 mile and nearly 350-ft. of elevation gain, the road reaches the fire tower.

Tower Road – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

Mount Nimham Fire Tower is an International Derrick Model 1937, made of Carnegie Steel. The design of the 1937 model is entirely a U.S. Forest Service design making minor changes from the model 1933 design.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

The stairway configuration on the International Derricks rises up from the ground running from corner to corner inside the fire tower’s superstructure between small triangular landings. The stairway design created safety concerns and became unpopular with state officials. As a result of these concerns, when the state purchased ten new fire towers between 1948 and 1950, the Aermotor LS-40 fire tower was chosen.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

After climbing more than 100 steps to the cab of the roofless fire tower, one is greeted with 360° views, that makes the climb worthwhile.

Mount Nimham Fire Tower

Looking south towards the West Branch Reservoir from Mount Nimham Fire Tower.

West Branch Reservoir from Mount Nimham Fire Tower

The Catskill Mountains to the northwest.

Catskill Mountains from Mount Nimham Fire Tower

Looking southwest.

View west towards Clear Pool and the surrounding hills

Looking north.

View north towards Big Buck Mountain

Not far from the fire tower is the survey marker.

Nimham Mountain survey marker

We didn’t spot any raptors, but did see several Eastern Bluebirds while relaxing near the base of the tower.

Eastern Bluebird – Nimham Mountain summit

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps along Tower Road. In about 500 feet from the tower, look for a footpath that goes off to the right. Follow the footpath as it leads away from the fire road then begins to parallel it. You may begin to see some blue DEC markers. Soon the trail begins to run along an old stone wall, bordering private property as it descends.

turn right on a footpath, leaving Tower Road

Blue DEC trail marker – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

along the Blue Trail

Blue Trail – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

There are some minor ups and downs along the trail as it zig-zags through the woods. Keep an eye out for mountain bikers.

Blue Trail – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

The trail becomes better blazed as it descends, but it is well worn and relatively easy to follow for most of the way.

Blue Trail – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

In about 0.8 mile from the start of the Blue Trail, it comes to a T-intersection. Turn left and a short distance later, the trail widens to a woods road bordered by stone walls.

Blue Trail – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

In about another 750 feet, the trail reaches Tower Road, directly opposite of the stone chamber that you passed on the way up. Turn right and follow Tower Road back to the parking area, where the hike began.

turn right on Tower Road

Tower Road – Nimham Mountain Multiple Use Area

Review:

A nice walk up the fire road to outstanding views from the fire tower. The return on the Blue Trail was more of a true hike through the woods. If you enjoy fire towers and the views that they provide, this place is definitely worth a visit. I plan on a return visit to explore more of the trails.

Pros:

Mount Nimham Fire Tower, 360° views, stone chambers, not as crowded as other fire towers in the region.

Cons:

Side trails could be better blazed.

Take a hike!

Mount Nimham Fire Tower Loop

Sources:

Catfish Fire Tower – Delaware Water Gap

Posted on March 16, 2021

March 14, 2021 – Hardwick Township, NJ

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4.5 miles

Max elevation: 1,560 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 528 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Map: Delaware Water Gap & Kittatinny Trails Map – 2021

Trailhead parking: Appalachian Trail, Millbrook Road, Hardwick Township, NJ 07825

Overview:

The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, spanning Pennsylvania and New Jersey, is a unique unit of the national park system. It takes its name from the iconic geological feature at its southern end, Delaware Water Gap. The Delaware Water Gap encompasses nearly 70,000 acres of breathtaking scenery along 40 miles of the Delaware River, which winds through the Appalachian Mountains. The park features waterfalls and many outdoor activities, including canoeing, hiking, camping, swimming, biking, cross-country skiing, fishing and more.

The most prominent geographical features of Northern New Jersey are the Kittatinny Mountains, and its foothills in the NJ Highlands. Known to the Lenni Lenape as Kittatinny, or “endless mountain,” the Ridge provides a bounty of recreational opportunities. Catfish Mountain is a peak of the Kittatinny Mountains in Warren County, NJ. The mountain stands at an elevation 1,560 feet. It lies along the Appalachian Trail in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. The Kittatinny Valley (also called the Limestone Valley) lies almost directly to the east of the trail, while the Delaware Water Gap lies to its west.

At the summit of Catfish Mountain is the Catfish Fire Tower. The Appalachian Trail runs right alongside it and makes for a great point of interest for hikers passing through. On a clear day, you can see the Catskill Mountains to the north and the Poconos to the west. The Tower, also known as Catfish Station was constructed in 1922, replacing a wooden tower. In 1993 the 7×7-foot cab was rebuilt on this 60’ Aermotor LS-40 tower.

Catfish Fire Tower

History:

Though set aside as an area for outdoor recreation, the land of this park is rich in history.

The park encompasses significant Native American archeological sites, several of which have been investigated.

A number of structures also remain from early Dutch settlement and the colonial contact period. The entire region was a frontier of the French & Indian War. Historic rural villages from the 18th and 19th centuries remain intact on the New Jersey side, and landscapes of past settlements are scattered throughout the park.

In the 19th century, the village of Delaware Water Gap was a focus of the early resort industry fostered by the railroads. Even today the region is known for its vacation appeal.

In 1960 the Army Corps of Engineers set upon a mission to build a dam at Tocks Island, just north of the Water Gap. This dam would control water levels for hydroelectric power generation and create a 37 mile lake for use as a reservoir. A smaller surrounding recreation area, to make a more “cost effective” dam, would be administered by the National Park Service.

Tens of millions of dollars were appropriated and work began to prepare the area for flooding. Three to five thousand dwellings were demolished. Some fifteen thousand people were displaced, many of whom represented 300 years and 13 generations of history and culture in the Upper Delaware Valley. A serene region of farms, hamlets and villages along a free flowing river was systematically dismantled as part of a plan that was eventually shelved. There was passionate opposition from many corners to the government’s agenda. Some of the more visible historical homes were temporarily spared only to be destroyed by squatters and arsonists. For 18 years the valley was the site of a bizarre free-for-all with an unpredictable outcome.

Finally, in 1978 the project was deemed economically & environmentally unsound, and the government, instead of selling back the remaining 83 homes to original owners, transferred the properties to the National Park Service. The Delaware River was placed under the protection of the Scenic Rivers Act.

Trails Overview:

The Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area has more than 100 miles of hiking trails along streams, ridges, and mountaintops. The trails are of varying difficulty and any number of loop hikes can be achieved using connecting trails.

The Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT) extends along the spine of the Appalachian Mountains from Springer Mountain, Georgia to Mt. Katahdin in Baxter State Park, Maine. Of the 2,174 miles of trail, 28 miles are within the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area. Whether hiking for a couple of hours, for the day, or for the entire length of the trail, the AT provides opportunities for majestic views, wildlife sightings, and hiking challenges.

Appalachian Trail – Delaware Water Gap

Hike Overview:

This hike begins where the white-blazed Appalachian Trail (AT) crosses Millbrook Road and heads south. Here, a gravel road, blocked by a gate (marked “Fire Road – Do Not Block”), goes off to the left (if coming from the south). Limited parking is available at the trailhead, but if no spaces are available, continue north for another 500 feet to a second parking area on the right side of the road where the AT leaves the road.

Appalachian Trail – Millbrook Road

This hike is a straightforward out and back, entirely on the Appalachian Trail (AT). The trail is well marked and easy to follow. The hike begins at Millbrook Road, travels south along the AT, past the Catfish Fire Tower and along the Kittatinny Ridge with several good view points along the way. The turn around spot is just past the junction with the Rattlesnake Swamp Trail.

Catfish Fire Tower – Delaware Water Gap

The climb to reach the Kittatinny Ridge will be the most strenuous part of the hike, and it’s not that difficult and short lived. Once on the ridge, you’ll be rewarded with several scenic viewpoints including the Catfish Fire Tower which is a popular spot to stop and enjoy a picnic. From the fire tower, the rest of the way along the ridge consists of some minor ups and downs, so one can enjoy the scenic ridge walk without working too hard.

elevation profile – Catfish Fire Tower – Delaware Water Gap

Please note: This hike can be done as a loop by returning on the Rattlesnake Swamp Trail. Keep in mind that the Rattlesnake Swamp Trail has numerous small stream crossings and the Rattlesnake Swamp can make this trail very wet. After the recent thaw and runoff, and speaking to several hikers that described the trail as extremely wet and mucky, we decided to skip this trail and retrace our steps along the AT.

This section of the AT is extremely rocky throughout. A good pair of hiking boots is thoroughly recommended.

The Hike:

Upon arriving at the trailhead, all the parking spots were taken. We drove about another 500 feet where the AT leaves the road and reenters the woods heading northbound. There is a small parking area there and that is where we began the hike. Leaving the parking area, we turned left and followed the white blazes along the road. In about 500 feet, the AT crosses the road at the other parking area by the fire road.

Millbrook Road, westbound parking area

Appalachian Trail – Millbrook Road

From the gate, proceed ahead on the gravel road, marked with the white blazes of the Appalachian Trail (A.T.). In about a quarter of a mile, the road curves sharply right and enters a rhododendron grove. A short distance beyond, the white blazes of the A.T. leave to the left

Appalachian Trail – Millbrook Road

Appalachian Trail – southbound

In about 0.4 mile from the gate, the AT turns left, leaving the fire road and begins climbing on a footpath. The fire road continues ahead and connects to the Rattlesnake Swamp Trail. The fire road can also be used as an alternative to the AT to reach the fire tower.

turn left on Appalachian Trail, leaving the fire road

The AT now begins a steady ascent of Catfish Mountain on a rocky footpath bordered by Rhododendrons.

Appalachian Trail – Catfish Mountain

At approximately 0.6 mile, the AT turns left to rejoin the gravel fire road and then turns right 300 ft. later to reenter the woods on a footpath.

Appalachian Trail – Catfish Mountain

Appalachian Trail turns right, leaving the fire road

We opted to remain on the fire road (left fork) which is a slightly longer route, but was more free of snow than was the AT.

fire road – Catfish Mountain

Soon the fire road rejoins the AT, which comes in from the right and climbs a little more to reach the site of the Catfish Fire Tower.

the fire road rejoins the Appalachian Trail

Approximately 1 mile from the gate and about 300 feet of elevation gain, the Appalachian Trail reaches Catfish Fire Tower. A picnic table near the base of the tower makes for a good spot to take a break before climbing the tower.

Catfish Fire Tower

Built in 1922 to replace a wooden tower, the Catfish Fire Tower also known as Catfish Station, is one of the oldest in the state. At 60 feet tall, it is not the tallest fire tower in New Jersey. However, at an elevation of 1,560 feet above sea level, it is the highest.

Catfish Fire Tower

In 1993, the Catfish Fire Tower’s 7×7-foot cab was rebuilt and the tower rededicated. Catfish Station continues to be an active fire tower today. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on December 15, 1997.

Catfish Fire Tower

Fire Towers are considered to be the “Sentinels of the Ridge tops” as they are raised well above the ground so that the “lookout” in the tower can relay coordinates to firefighters as to where they are seeing smoke. Trained fire observers staff these towers and use an instrument called a Osborne Fire Finder, also known as an alidade, and topographical maps to triangulate the location of possible wildfires. After pin pointing a location ground crews go in and investigate to plan the appropriate action to be taken. At least one tower in each division is staffed when fire danger is moderate or higher and all towers are staffed during the months of March, April, May, October and November.

Catfish Fire Tower

The cabin was locked on our visit, but the 360° views from just below it are wonderful. Below is an image looking at the Appalachian Trail traveling south.

view southwest from Catfish Fire Tower

A zoomed in view of Upper Yards Creek Reservoir and Mount Tammany.

view southwest from Catfish Fire Tower

A zoomed in view of Upper Yards Creek Reservoir

zoomed in view of Upper Yards Creek Reservoir from Catfish Fire Tower

A southwestern view of the Kittatinny Ridge towards Pennsylvania.

southwest view of the Kittatinny Ridge from Catfish Fire Tower

The Kittatinny Ridge looking northeast where the Appalachian Trail travels north.

northeast view of the Kittatinny Ridge from Catfish Fire Tower

A glider floating by in the early morning

If you had enough views and want to just do a short 2 mile hike, you can retrace your steps and return to your vehicle. If you wish to proceed, continue south on the AT along the ridge which is well marked and etched onto the surface of the ridge. From the fire tower, the AT embarks on a rocky footpath that at times can be real ankle breaker. The different size jagged rocks, ranging in size, makes you have to concentrate on where you place your feet.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

In about a 1/2 mile, there is a east-facing view of the Great Valley. This viewpoint is denoted on the NY/NJ Trail Conference map with a star ★. This makes for another great spot to take a break if you are so inclined.

1st viewpoint – Kittatinny Ridge

Continuing south on the AT, it runs close enough to the edge of the ridge that there are plenty of limited and some more expansive views over the Great Valley to the east along this stretch of the trail, especially during leaf-off seasons.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

In about 2 miles from the gate on Millbrook Road, the Appalachian Trail reaches the junction with the orange-blazed Rattlesnake Swamp Trail, marked with wooden posts.

AT/Rattlesnake Swamp Trail junction – Kittatinny Ridge

There is a nice wide view over farms and forest in the valley below and along the ridge.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

Upper Yards Creek Reservoir in the distance.

zoomed in view of Upper Yards Creek Reservoir from Appalachian Trail on the Kittatinny Ridge

This marked our turn around spot, but if you prefer to continue a bit farther there are more views to be had. The AT eventually descends to Camp Road then climbs back up to the ridge.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

Caution should be exercised along this section, especially in wet conditions, as the trail comes extremely close to the edge with a steep drop-off to one side.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

We relaxed here for a bit and chatted with several hikers that passed by.

Appalachian Trail – Kittatinny Ridge

We then retraced our steps along the Appalachian Trail, stopping at every viewpoint again, as well as the Catfish Fire Tower. From the fire tower we descended the same way we came up and returned to the trailhead on Millbrook Road, where the hike began.

Catfish Fire Tower

Review:

A great hike along the AT on the Kittatinny Ridge in the Delaware Water Gap. The 360° fire tower views are outstanding and the walk along the ridge offers many more. Relatively little foot traffic compared to the more popular hikes in the area. Worth the 1-1/2 hour drive from the Hudson Valley. The only downside was that the cab of the fire tower was locked and is only open when there is a ranger on duty.

Pros:

Catfish Fire Tower, 360° views from fire tower, historic Appalachian Trail, scenic ridgetop with numerous views, well marked trail.

Cons:

Cabin in fire tower is locked and not accessible unless there is a ranger on duty.

Take a hike!

Catfish Fire Tower – Delaware Water Gap

Sources:

Crescent Lake Recreation Area Loop

Posted on January 17, 2021

January 17, 2021 – Southington, Connecticut

Difficulty: Easy to Moderate

Length: Approximately 3 miles

Max elevation: 643 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 305 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Map: Crescent Lake Trails

Trailhead parking: 403-537 Shuttle Meadow Rd, Southington, CT 06489

**Bowhunting season on this property runs Monday through Saturday from September 15 to December 31. Hikers are advised not to stray from the blazed hiking trails on these dates for safety purposes. **

Overview:

The Crescent Lake Recreation Area, located on Shuttle Meadow Road, is a 223-acre forested property containing a 56-acre lake. Boating, canoeing, fishing, hiking, picnicking and seasonal bow hunting are all available to visitors. In addition to being a Recreational Area, Crescent Lake is also the state’s first “Connecticut Grown Community Forest.” Ample parking is available and established trails run throughout the site.

Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Crescent Lake (also called Plainville Reservoir) occupies a bowl-shaped valley on the western side of the Bradley Mountain at an elevation of 420 feet above sea level. The 56-acre lake is open to the public, with no residency requirements. State-mandated licenses for fishing and/or boating are required. Crescent Lake is within the Quinnipiac River Watershed, which drains into the Long Island Sound.

Crescent Lake

Southington is located in the Central Lowlands, an area of gently rolling terrain between the State’s western and eastern highlands. Located around the Quinnipiac River and its tributaries, the Town is surrounded by Southington Mountain, Bradley Mountain and the Hanging Hills in Meriden. The latter two are part of the Metacomet Ridge system, a “spine” of traprock ridges that extends along Southington’s eastern edge as it runs from Suffield to Guilford.

Traprock ridge – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

History:

The parcel was once owned by the Plainville Water Company, which secured water rights for the lake in the late 1800’s, and was known as the Plainville Reservoir. It supplied Plainville with water beginning around 1910. The lake was once surrounded by orchards and farmland in the 1930’s, a stark contrast from the dense woods that you see today.

In the 1960’s the water company stopped using the reservoir. It then sat unused for decades until the Town of Southington initially expressed an interest in purchasing it in 1983. At the time, the Plainville Water Company wasn’t interested in selling it, saying they wanted to hold onto it just in case it was ever needed.

In 1993, a tentative agreement was reached, followed by five years of negotiations and talks with company representatives and state officials. The town got the OK to purchase Crescent Lake on March 11, 1998. In 2000, it was finally opened to the public for use as a recreational area under its former name, Crescent Lake.

Trails Overview:

There are roughly 7 miles of blazed trails varying in difficulty, that are marked for use. There are also numerous unofficial unmarked trails and woods roads that criss-cross the property.

Orange: Approx. 3 miles; rigorous & hilly
Red: Approx. 2 miles; narrow, moderate elevation
Green: Approx. 1.5 miles; open trail, some elevation

Please Note: The Red Trail can get really muddy and the mosquitoes can get bothersome.

Crescent Lake Trails Map

The upper ridgeline and boundary of the Crescent Lake Recreation Area is also traversed by the 51-mile Metacomet Trail, (maintained by the Connecticut Forest and Park Association), which extends from the Hanging Hills of Meriden, Connecticut to the Massachusetts border.

Metacomet Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Hike Overview:

We were looking for an easy to moderate loop hike with some decent views and decided to give this one a try and it didn’t disappoint. Arriving at about 9am on a chilly Sunday in January, the parking lot had plenty of available spots. The trails are relatively well marked, but there is a vast network of unmarked trails and roads throughout the property that paying attention to the blazes is imperative. Originally the loop was going to include the Red Trail, which circles the lake, but when we reached that area, the trail was very swampy so we decided to skip it. In dryer weather it may be better, but on the day we visited, the low lying areas near the lake were mostly flooded.

Crescent Lake Recreation Area Loop

With the exception of one short steep ascent and a couple of short steep descents, the elevation gain on this hike is minimal.

elevation profile – Crescent Lake

The Hike:

With your back to the lake, proceed to the southern side of the parking area and pick up the Green Trail. Follow the green blazes as it winds its way through the woods in a southeasterly direction, passing some unmarked trails along the way.

Crescent Lake

Green Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

In just under a 1/2 mile, the Green Trail turns left on a woods road and begins to head northeast. This road straddles the boundary with New Britain Water Department property on the right and Crescent Lake to the left.

Green Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

In about another 1/2 mile, the Green Trail ends at a 4-way intersection, with the blue-blazed Metacomet Trail coming in from the right and joining the Orange Trail, which begins just ahead. Begin following the coaligned trails as they climb a woods road very steeply.

terminus of Green Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

The trail reaches the ridgeline in under 500 feet and levels off, with partial views of Crescent Lake below on the left, during leaf-off season. Soon the trail veers left, leaving the woods road and continues north along the ridge.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

The trail continues along the ridgeline above Crescent Lake with some minor ups and downs along this stretch.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Soon the trail levels off and passes alongside a large fireplace. A short distance later, the trail reaches a rock outcrop with a west-facing view of Crescent Lake and the Southington Valley. The Otis Elevator test tower is visible in the distance.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

View of Crescent Lake from the Blue/Orange Trail

If you leave the trail and descend slightly to a lower rock outcrop on the right, there is a better view of Crescent Lake.

lower rock outcrop that the picture below was take from

View of Crescent Lake from lower rock outcrop

The trail continues along the ridge, turns left and descends steeply. It then turns right and follows along the cliff wall, passing under a large rock overhang as it continues its steep descent.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

A look back at the traprock ridge that the trail descends.

Traprock ridge – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

The trail begins to climb again, only this time more gradually. After the trail dips down, it climbs a little more to a massive rock formation with partial views to the northwest.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Soon the trail descends steeply again. At the base of the steep descent, the Orange Trail turns left on a woods road as the blue-blazed Metacomet Trail continues ahead, climbing the ridge towards Bradley Mountain.

Blue/Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

Turn left on the Orange Trail as it descends gradually on a woods road. As the trail nears Crescent Lake, the trail becomes muddy and in some sections, swampy.

turn left on the Orange Trail

Orange Trail – Crescent Lake Recreation Area

The Orange Trail ends at the northwest corner of the lake as the Red Trail comes in from the left. To extend the hike, you can turn left on the Red Trail or do as we did and continue south. There are views of Crescent Lake just off the trail.

Crescent Lake

The Red Trail as it head south, veers right and runs along Shuttle Meadow Road a short distance and back to the parking lot, where the hike began.

Shuttle Meadow Road

Review:

A really nice place to spend a few hours in the woods. The topography of the area makes for an interesting hike and the view of Crescent Lake is quite lovely. For the most part, the main trails are well blazed and easy to follow. We saw very few people on the trails, but the parking lot was full when we returned. In the warmer months, the area around the lake could get really busy. Worth a visit to explore the trails.

Pros:

Metacomet Ridge, Crescent Lake, well blazed trails, scenic view, lovely area.

Cons:

Swampy trails near Crescent Lake.

Take a hike!

Crescent Lake Recreation Area Loop

Source:

Crescent Lake

Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Posted on December 31, 2020

December 24 & 27, 2020 – Stony Point, NY

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 2 miles

Max elevation: 151 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 180 ft.

Route type: Lollipop Loop

Free Web Map: Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site Map – Stony Point Battlefield Interpretive Map

Trailhead parking: 44 Battlefield Rd, Stony Point, NY 10980

Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site is located on a knobby promontory projecting into the Hudson River in the town of Stony Point, NY. It is the only preserved Revolutionary War battlefield in Rockland County. The site of a successful midnight assault led by Brigadier General “Mad” Anthony Wayne against a British Garrison on July 15-16, 1779. The site also hosts the oldest lighthouse (1826) in the Hudson Valley. The lighthouse is not presently open for tours, as repairs must be made.

Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Today, a portion of the original battlefield, where Sir Henry Clinton placed his earthworks and batteries, has been preserved as a New York State Park. In addition to an historic lighthouse from the early 19th century and memorial arch, the park also includes a museum dedicated to the battle located in the visitors center, and also hosts several educational programs like guided tours and historical reenactments, that can teach visitors about military and civilian life in Revolutionary America.

Admission to the site is free. Special events may have a separate charge. Please call ahead for information and seating reservations for special events as needed. The grounds are open daily from mid-April to the end of October. From November to mid-April, the site grounds are open Monday to Friday and closed on weekends, Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Days. Call 845-786-2521 for information and hours of operation.

Please note: As an historic site, and a cemetery of Revolutionary War soldiers, they do not permit dogs or bicycles beyond the Memorial Arch, and no recreational games, or cooking fires are allowed.

Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

There is good birding throughout the site year-round. Park in the parking lot when the site is open and enjoy birding throughout the grounds. You may park outside the grounds on the town’s Park Road, and walk into the site in the early morning, before dusk, or on weekends in the winter. Do not park on the sites drive, Battlefield Road, at any time as it is a marked tow-away zone. There are diverse habitats for birds including a freshwater swamp area at the entrance, woodlands, meadows, lawns and a small beach on the Hudson River on the south side of the peninsula. During winter, Bald Eagles roost in the trees near the river’s edge.

Bald Eagle – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

History:

Stony Point is a rocky prominence that extends about a 1/4-mile into the Hudson River. At high tide, Stony Point, surrounded by marshes, became an island connected to the mainland only by a narrow causeway. At its highest, the point is about 150 feet above sea level, and steep.

When the British captured this rocky peninsula in May 1779, they began to construct an earthen fortress intended to disrupt Washington’s Continental Army in the Hudson Highlands and block the King’s Ferry crossing below. Naturally defensible, Stony Point was further improved by the addition of two rows of abatis (trees laid branch-side towards the enemy), felled from the site. The first abatis formed the “outer” works, and extended into the water south of the point. The second abatis was half way on the promontory and enclosed the “upper” works, or the “table of the hill”.

Two months later, on July 16, George Washington and Brigadier General “Mad” Anthony Wayne launched a daring nighttime assault that surprised the garrison and allowed American forces to gain control of the fort in under an hour.

George Washington gave Wayne orders to take Stony Point in a midnight bayonet charge. Wayne would command a force of about 1,300 Light Infantrymen. The Light Infantry were hand-picked men from various Continental regiments that formed an elite corps of some of the best American soldiers. Washington gave Wayne instructions to send the Light Infantry in through three different points “with fixed Bayonets and Muskets unloaded.”

Shortly after midnight on July 16, 1779, the three columns moved out. One column proceeded around the island and approached from the south across the marsh at low tide, the second and third columns crossed the causeway. The larger second column advanced along the northern shore of the island while the third column positioned themselves in the center of the British defenses. Once in position, the third column fired shots to divert the attention of British defenders as the north and south columns advanced towards the heart of the garrison.

As Wayne’s column began to cross the marsh, they slugged through water that came up to their chests. The men pushed forward into the darkness. As soon as they came to the other side, they began to dash up the steep slopes towards the first line of British defenses. Within about a half-hour, the heaviest fighting had ended.

Lt. Colonel Francois de Fleury was the first man into the inner works and pulled down the British flag flying there and exclaimed, “The fort’s our own!” After more bloody hand to hand combat, it was clear that further resistance by the British was futile, and Lt. Colonel Henry Johnson and the British troops surrendered. By 1:00am, Stony Point was in American hands.

The battle resulted in 15 Americans killed and 83 wounded. The British had lost 20 killed, 74 wounded and 472 captured.

For more history of the Battle of Stony Point, see links at bottom of page.

Battle of Stony Point

In 1826, the first lighthouse on the Hudson River was constructed at historic Stony Point to mark the southern entrance to the Hudson Highlands. The completion of the Erie Canal the previous year, which linked New York City to America’s heartland, increased traffic on the Hudson River dramatically, and the need for navigational aids was paramount. The thirty-foot-tall octagonal Stony Point Lighthouse, built of blue split stone, was constructed by Thomas Phillips of New York City, at a cost of $3,350. There have been three keeper’s dwellings at Stony Point. The original six-room stone dwelling was torn down in 1879 and replaced by a dwelling on the flat land just west of the lighthouse. The second house was razed and replaced by another structure, built closer to the river in 1938.

The second lighthouse keeper’s home stood a few steps below the octagonal lighthouse. The house was enclosed by a picket fence. At the base of the light are a few guests or tourists.

Stony Point lighthouse circa 1910

The Lighthouse guided mariners through the narrow pass between Stony and Verplanck Points until 1925. In its 99 years, only one vessel ran aground, with no reported fatalities, a testament to the vigilance of the lightkeepers, notably Nancy Rose, who tended the light for 47 years.

Stony Point Lighthouse

Through the efforts of the Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site, the Palisades Park Interstate Commission, and New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation, restoration of the lighthouse began in 1986. The exterior was repaired and painted, and the lantern was reglazed. On October 7, 1995, restoration was complete, and the light was activated for the first time in seventy years. The automated light, operated by solar power, beams a flash of light once every four seconds.

Stony Point Lighthouse

The movement for the acquisition of Stony Point as a state park began in 1895. The property was acquired through the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society (ASHPS), which became the trustees of the original 35 acres of property. In 1898, the state began acquiring land associated with the Battle of Stony Point, including the oldest lighthouse built along the Hudson River, which dates to 1826 and belonged to the federal government. By 1978, the state had amassed 87 acres. After subsequent land acquisitions, the current site is now comprised of 137 acres. The state historic site opened to the public in 1902 and the museum, featuring exhibits about the battle and the lighthouse, was built in 1936. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961.

The site is now operated as Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site and is a beautiful mix of woods and tended lawns, with commanding panoramic views of the Hudson River looking north to the Hudson Highlands and south to Haverstraw Bay. The site features a self-guided walking trail and a museum displaying artifacts uncovered during archaeological digs. Also on the grounds is the Stony Point Lighthouse, the Hudson River’s oldest, which protected the southern entrance to the Hudson Highlands from 1826 to 1925.

Kings Ferry Overlook

Museum – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Stony Point lighthouse

Trails Overview:

Most of the trails are paved paths that lead visitors throughout the site. There are several grassy footpaths as well. This State Historic Site is geared more towards people that are looking for a leisurely walk with Hudson River views and learning about American History. On any given day during the winter, one can spot Bald Eagles riding on rising columns of warm air known as thermals or perched in the trees.

There is also a self-guided walking tour. This tour brings you from the fort’s outer works, around the southern crest of the point, up to the lighthouse, around the north end of the point and returns to the outer works, with illustrated interpretive signs along the way describing the defensive positions, batteries, and accounts of the British soldiers who manned them. On this path, visitors pass the spot where Wayne entered the fort, where Lieutenant colonel de Fleury struck the British colors, and where Colonel Febiger accepted the surrender of Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, the Crown commander. Behind the museum, a spur path brings you out to the King’s Ferry Overlook and through the area where Colonel Butler’s column entered the fort.

Hike Overview:

Having been to this site on numerous occasions, I was looking for an easy walk with some Hudson River views and this spot fit the bill. This is a good place to just wander around, enjoy some fresh air and hopefully spot some Bald Eagles or Hawks. I visited the Site on Christmas Eve day while there was some snow on the ground and returned several days later after the rain washed away the snow. We parked in the lot on our first visit and on Park Road when we returned on the 27th. It’s a nice walk up Battlefield Road which follows the shore of the fresh water wetlands.

Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Points of Interest:

Battlefield Road ~ This paved park road winds its way along the fresh water wetlands and makes for a pleasant walk if parking your vehicle on Park Road.

Battlefield Road

Fresh Water Wetlands ~ There are diverse habitats for birds including a freshwater swamp area at the entrance. Great Blue Herons, Wood Ducks, Belted Kingfishers and Canadian Geese are just a few of the birds that one can spot along this area.

fresh water wetlands

Memorial Arch ~ Following the acquisition of the property, the Daughters of the Revolution of the State of New York, with the consent and under the supervision of the ASHPS, began the erection of a stone archway at the entrance to the reservation as a tribute to the memory of the American patriots who fought for American independence on that historic ground.

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

The corner stone was put in place on October 17, 1908.

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

The Memorial Arch, designed by Mr. H.K. Bush-Brown of Newburgh, NY, and built out of native rock of Stony Point with the exception of some of the granite trimmings, stands at the entrance to the bridge which leads across the West Shore Railroad cut to the the Reservation. The masonry measures 32 feet in width, 12 feet in depth and 23 feet in height. The archway is 12 feet wide, 12 feet deep and 15 feet in height.

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Over the archway is the inscription “Stony Point State Park.” Just underneath is “The fort’s our own,” The words that were said when the British flag was taken down. The keystone of the arch has the letters, “S N Y.”

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

On either side of the archway there are tablets that are now faded. The northern tablet bears the following inscription: STONY POINT, A BRITISH OUTPOST COMMANDING THE KING’S FERRY, ASSAULTED AND TAKEN, JULY 15-16, 1779 BY THE CORPS OF LIGHT INFANTRY COMMANDED BY ANTHONY WAYNE. RE-NAMED FORT WAYNE. ACQUIRED BY THE STATE OF NEW YORK 1897. THE AMERICAN SCENIC AND HISTORIC PRESERVATION SOC. CUSTODIAN.

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

The southern tablet bears the following inscription: THE SOCIETY DAUGHTERS OF THE REVOLUTION OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK ERECTED THIS GATEWAY, GRATEFULLY COMMEMORATING THE SACRIFICES OF PATRIOTS FOR AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE AND THEIR GALLANT ACTION AT THIS PLACE. DEDICATED AND PRESENTED TO THE STATE, 1909.

Memorial Arch – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Stone Gazebo ~ From a gazebo at the southern crest of the point, visitors can view the majestic Hudson River and the hills of Westchester and Rockland Counties. This stone gazebo dates back to at least 1908.

Stone Gazebo

Horse Trough ~ Located near the museum on the circular drive, it is not your standard horse trough, as one can see in the images below. Rocks were used to build the trough as well as the wall behind it. The trough dates to about 1902, when the battlefield opened to the public. Many visitors arrived by boat at the landing on the north side of the peninsula and were taken by horse and wagon up the steep slope to the battlefield site. Horses could quench their thirst at the trough. To accommodate human thirst, a water fountain is located on the opposite side.

Horse Trough

Stony Point Lighthouse ~ Stony Point Lighthouse, the oldest on the Hudson, marked the entrance to the Hudson Highlands for nearly a hundred years and was built in 1826. The lighthouse was decommissioned in 1925 and was acquired by the parks commission in 1941. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Stony Point Lighthouse

The specifications called for the construction of “an octagonal Pyramid, to be built of blue split stone and the best quick lime and sand mortar.” The building plan stated that the tower was to have three stories and a cellar for the storage of whale oil. A wooden stairway would lead from the first floor to the second, and a wooden ladder would connect the second floor with the lantern in the glass-enclosed top of the lighthouse. On December 1, 1826, the lighthouse, complete with copper roof and ventilator, was finished, at a cost of $3,350.

Stony Point Lighthouse

Benches near the lighthouse provide visitors with a place to relax and enjoy the south-facing views of the Hudson River Valley.

Bench by the lighthouse

Stone Viewing Platform ~ At the northern crest of the point, visitors can enjoy north-facing views of the Hudson River from a stone viewing platform.

Stone Viewing Platform

The stone platform also provides a good view of the lighthouse.

Stony Point Lighthouse

Picnic Shelter ~ The stone picnic shelter overlooking the Hudson River, is currently being renovated.

Picnic Shelter

Museum ~ The stone museum was built in 1936 and is divided into two galleries: one for the Battle of Stony Point, and one for the nineteenth century lighthouse. The Battle Gallery hosts a number of artifacts – clay pipes, chevaux-de-frise remnants, musket balls, infantry camp axes, the sword of Colonel Brinkerhoff, and some of the artillery pieces Wayne’s men captured the night of the attack. The Lighthouse Gallery has panels explaining the 99-year history of the lighthouse, including photographs of its keepers, residence buildings, gardens, and lens. Special mention goes out to Nancy Rose, who maintained the light longer than anyone – nearly fifty years. In the gallery is an original fourth-order Fresnel lens beautifully restored by the United States Coast Guard, just like the one that would have been housed in the lighthouse to safely guide mariners into the Hudson Highlands.

Museum – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

On November 11, 1960, a plaque was mounted on a rock near the museum building. It reads: “This tablet is to commemorate the heroic capture of the fortress of Stony Point by troops of the light infantry under the command of Maj. Gen. ‘Mad’ Anthony Wayne the night of July 15-16, 1779.”

plaque near the museum

King’s Ferry Overlook ~ Behind the museum, a spur path brings visitors out to the King’s Ferry Overlook and through the area where Colonel Butler’s column entered the fort.

King’s Ferry Overlook

Kings Ferry Overlook

King’s Ferry Overlook

The hulk of an old fishing boat lies partially submerged in the river below. That wreck has been there since at least 2003. The name on the bow, which is no longer visible, once read: “King’s Ferry.”

King’s Ferry Overlook

Living History ~ On weekends from April to October, weather and staffing permitting, a living history soldier’s camp is open, highlighting 18th century military life. There are many hands-on activities including an artillery drill, cannon and musket firings, 18th century blacksmithing demonstrations, open fire camp cooking, gardening, military arts and children’s activities. Contact the Site for details and times at (845) 786-2521.

living history soldier’s camp

cannon

18th century blacksmithing demonstration

Birds of Prey ~ Thanks to conservation efforts, the Bald Eagle, which had been so close to extinction, has made a remarkable comeback, particularly on the Hudson River. One of the highlights of a winter visit to Stony Point is seeing Bald Eagles roosting in treetops or soaring overhead, attracted by the open water and plentiful fish. Turkey Vultures can be seen year round and Hawks during migration season in the early Fall.

Bald Eagle – Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site

Juvenile Bald Eagle

Turkey Vulture

Review:

There is a lot to do and see at Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site. Visitors can visit the museum (when open), walk through the living history military camp, watch the live reenactments as uniformed interpreters fire muskets (when available). Signs are strategically placed around the site so visitors may conduct a self-guided walking tour. Step back in time and march in the footsteps of Brigadier General “Mad” Anthony Wayne and his soldiers as they charged up the hill and stand with the lightkeepers as they watched over the thousands of ships passing Stony Point every year, protecting our nation’s commerce. A great place to visit year round for the entire family.

Pros:

Historical features, Hudson River views, Stony Point Lighthouse, Bald Eagles.

Cons:

Limited Winter hours, Site closed Thanksgiving, Christmas, and New Year’s Day

Sources:

Putnam Memorial State Park

Posted on December 15, 2020

December 13, 2020 – Redding, Connecticut

Difficulty: Easy

Max elevation: 780 ft.

Free Web Map: Putnam Memorial State Park Trail Map (DEEP)

Avenza App Map (FREE): Putnam Memorial State Park Trail Map

Trailhead parking: 73-79 Putnam Park Rd, Redding, CT 06896

Park Overview:

Putnam Memorial State Park is a history-oriented public recreation area in the town of Redding, Connecticut. The state park preserves the site that Major General Israel Putnam chose as the winter encampment for his men in the winter of 1778-1779 during the American Revolutionary War. Putnam Memorial State Park, sometimes referred to as “Connecticut’s Valley Forge” in view of the fact that the conditions that winter were more severe than the previous Winter at Valley Forge. It is Connecticut’s oldest state park, created in 1887 at the instigation of Redding town residents. The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.

Putnam Memorial State Park

In addition to the remains of the encampment, reconstructed log buildings, and a museum, the park’s 183 acres include facilities for hiking, picnic tables, charcoal grills, pond fishing, and winter sports. The park is located at the intersection of Route 107 and Route 58 and is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection. The park is open from 8am to sunset. Visitors Center and Museum is open daily 10am – 5pm.

Putnam Memorial State Park

History Of The Park:

The movement to preserve and memorialize the site of the winter quarters of 1778-1779 in Redding began in the late 19th century. Although the details of this movement are not recorded, it is likely that the initial efforts were made by local citizens of Redding, especially Charles B. Todd, the local historian, and Aaron Treadwell, the landowner who donated the first tract of land that would become the Israel Putnam Memorial Camp Ground.

Putnam Memorial State Park

From the beginning, the purpose of preserving the site of the encampment was to commemorate the winter quarters, not to create an area for recreation. Charles B. Todd explained, It is not proposed to erect a pleasure park, but a memorial. The men it is designed to commemorate were strong, rugged, simple. Its leading features, therefore, should be of similar character and of such an historical and antiquarian cast as to direct the thought to the men and times it commemorates. The rugged natural features in which the proposed site abounds should be retained.

Putnam Memorial State Park

As early as the turn of the century, the park commission had determined to acquire the grounds of the “Old Put Club” on the east side of the main encampment. The possession of “Old Put Lake” is in every way desirable for the camp grounds, it is one of the most beautiful sheets of water in Western Connecticut, lying just over the eastern boundary line of the park and for quite a distance is less than one hundred feet from it. The park commissioners envisioned a fundamental separation of the park into two areas: one, on the west side, preserving the historical remains of the encampment, and the other, on the east side, offering recreational and scenic resources. This functional division of the park has remained to the present.

Putnam Memorial State Park

Trails Overview:

The trails at Putnam Memorial State Park are mostly gravel roads which served as the camp roads during the encampment. These roads are an Interpretive Trail, with signs posted at all of the points of interest with historical information. There are unmarked footpaths, as shown on the map, which can be walked as well.

gravel road – Putnam Memorial State Park

The area around Philips Cave provides a short trail over and around jumbled rocks. On the east side of Putnam Park Pond, there are more trails as well.

area near Philips Cave

cliff above Philips Cave

Near the northern end of the park, just south of the Officers Quarters/Magazine, is a white/blazed trail that leads to the 36-acre Joan Plishner Wildlife Preserve. This Double loop, 1.3 miles long trail through mostly open woods, provides hikers the opportunity to tack on additional mileage if so desired.

Joan Plishner Wildlife Preserve

Points of Interest:

Visitor Center – this building was originally built in 1893 as the park pavilion. It was used as a shelter during inclement weather, for dances and picnics, and for town events. The upstairs was used as the original park museum. The building was dismantled board by board in 2005, and reconstructed into a 4-season climate controlled visitor center where visitors can get a park orientation prior to entering the historic encampment.

Visitor Center – Putnam Memorial State Park

Camp Guardhouse – A log hut which was reconstructed about 1890 on the remains of a hut from 1778. The actual purpose of the original structure is in question, although local lore said it was the Guard House. The construction and size of the hut gives the visitor an approximation of one of the 116 enlisted men’s soldiers huts. Each hut contained 12 soldiers.

Camp Guardhouse – Putnam Memorial State Park

Putnam’s Escape at Horseneck Bronze Statue – is on the front lawn of the Visitor Center. It was sculpted by renowned local artist Anna Hyatt Huntington at her estate just a few miles from the park. Ms. Huntington was 94 when she completed the statue for its 1969 dedication at the park. The bronze depicts General Israel Putnam’s legendary ride down the stone steps in Greenwich, then called” Horseneck,” where he narrowly escaped from the British dragoons.

Putnam’s Escape at Horseneck Bronze Statue

Main Entrance Area – Civil War cannons and miniature blockhouses flank the road. Blockhouses were used in frontier areas during the French and Indian War where Israel Putnam achieved fame for his courageous exploits. There are several other Civil War cannons inside the park. These weapons were surplus arms from the Civil War which ended only a few years prior to the park’s commissioning. The gateway view focuses on the Monument.

Main Entrance Area – Putnam Memorial State Park

Memorial Monument – Constructed in 1888, one year after the commissioning of the memorial park, this monument honors the men of the three different camps in Redding during that winter of 1778-79. The monument was the very first structure erected at the park. The visitor can read the names of the different brigade generals who commanded the camps under Major General Israel Putnam’s command.

Memorial Monument – Putnam Memorial State Park

The 44-ft. tall granite obelisk was built in the summer of 1888 under the supervision of a committee appointed by the governor.

Memorial Monument – Putnam Memorial State Park

Collapsed Chimney Remains (Firebacks) and Company Street – The enlisted men’s encampment consisted of 116 log huts set in a double row for almost a quarter mile down the company street. The only above ground remains of those huts today are the piles of collapsed stone chimneys. Each stone pile, or fireback, marks the location of a 1778 hut. The men camped in this location belonged to Brig. Gen. Enoch Poor’s New Hampshire Brigade and the 2nd Canadian Regiment under Col. Moses Hazen. The fireplaces and chimneys were made of local fieldstone. The huts had dimensions of 16 x 12 feet. Each hut held the 12 soldiers who built their own hut. The troops lived in tents until their huts were completed in late December. Ongoing archaeological field work has told us much about the huts and their occupants.

Firebacks – Putnam Memorial State Park

Museum – This building contains exhibits and historical materials including artifacts unearthed at the campsite during archaeological excavations. The museum was built in 1921 by long time Redding Town Historian Margaret Wixted’s father. This building replaced the original museum housed on the second floor of the old 1893 Pavilion. Park Guides are present to tell visitors about the park and answer questions. Hours are posted at the park gates or at the Visitor Center.

Museum – Putnam Memorial State Park

Officers Quarters – The chimney remains mark the site of a company officer’s hut. The hut was an 1890 replica built on the original site. The hut was destroyed by fire years ago. The company-level officer’s huts were located behind the enlisted hut line. There are several other firebacks of these junior officer hut remains in the woods behind the enlisted hut line.

Officers Quarters – Putnam Memorial State Park

Philips Cave – Local legend says a shallow cave in this rock outcrop was used by one Mr. Philips. Philips was a soldier who returned after the war to live in this cave. He led the life of a hermit, including liberating an occasional chicken or produce from local farmers. He was evicted by the community. Another version said he was “permanently removed.”

Philips Cave – Putnam Memorial State Park

There are several cave-like openings throughout this area.

cave – Putnam Memorial State Park

Officers Quarters/Magazine – This structure was reconstructed on the original foundations that are cut into the hillside. Long thought to be an officer’s barracks, recent information is now leading archaeologists to believe it was actually the camp magazine which held the kegs of gunpowder. The location far away from troop quarters and being semi-enclosed in the earthen bank support this theory. More research will be done on this site.

Officers Quarters/Magazine – Putnam Memorial State Park

Cemetery/Command Officer’s Quarters – Another bit of hand-me-down lore at the time the park was created in the 1880’s was that the two mounds of stones, inside the square formed by the granite posts, were thought to be the camp cemetery. Accordingly, a memorial monument was erected to mark the site circa 1890. Archaeology work from the 2002-04 seasons has proven the site actually to be a double-ended (two chimneys) Field Officers quarters. Further research has pointed to the distinct probability that the hut belonged to Lt. Col. Henry Dearborn who was the ranking officer living at the camp (Some senior officers were quartered at area homes).

memorial monument – Putnam Memorial State Park

Lake McDougall – The stone damn which creates this pond was installed at the time of the park’s creation. But the stream was very much in in existence during the 1778-79 army encampment. It is one of two main streams, one at each end of the camp, which provided water for the troops. Gen. Alexander McDougall’s name is listed on the memorial monument as one of the commanders at the Reading camps. Actually, McDougall had been the commander of Putnam’s Division prior to going into winter quarters. Gen. Washington placed the division under Israel Putnam and kept Gen. McDougall in command of the Hudson Highlands which included the all important fortress West Point.

Lake McDougall – Putnam Memorial State Park

The Recreational Section – provides access to Putnam Park Pond, picnic tables and charcoal grills as well as more walking trails.

Recreational Section – Putnam Memorial State Park

Review:

A truly beautiful park that is well laid out and loaded with history. One can spend quite some time here walking around capturing images of the historical features as well as the landscape. Well worth a visit anytime of year to get a hands-on history lesson of the American Revolution and the hardships that those soldiers endured during their winter encampment from 1778 – 1779.

Pros:

Historical site, scenic landscape, well maintained park.

Cons:

The park is bisected by Connecticut Route 58, some road noise can be heard throughout the park.

Sources:

Prospect Mountain Preserve – Litchfield Land Trust

Posted on November 28, 2020

November 28, 2020 – Bantam, Connecticut

Difficulty: Moderate – strenuous (steep ascents, steep descents)

Length: Approximately 4.1 miles

Max elevation: 1,350 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 811 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Free Web Map: Prospect Mountain Preserve Trail Map

Trailhead parking: 213-127 Prospect Mountain Rd, Bantam, CT 06750

Preserve Overview:

Located in the Litchfield Hills Region of Connecticut, the Prospect Mountain Preserve includes 340 acres, west of the Borough of Litchfield. The preserve features most of a locally prominent hill with a nice viewpoint near its 1,350-foot summit, as well as a large pond to the west. The property is mostly forested, with several meadows indicating past agricultural uses. The area was subject to significant nickel-mining explorations in the nineteenth century. A number of mine shafts still exist on the property. Many are filled with water and visitors are cautioned to approach them with care.

Prospect Mountain Preserve

There are three access points to the preserve, Cathole Road, lower Prospect Mountain Road (no parking), and the main trailhead on upper Prospect Mountain Road, where there is room for 6-8 cars. There are no restrooms available on site. Prospect Mountain is preserved by the Litchfield Land Trust and open to the public for hiking and recreational enjoyment. No hunting, ATVs, or vehicles are permitted on the property.

Prospect Mountain Preserve

History:

Prospect Mountain was an area of exploration and excavation for mineral riches from the town’s earliest days. Between the mid-1700’s and the mid 1800’s, people used the land here for farming, grazing, logging, and mining (for iron ore, copper and nickel ore). Connecticut’s early history is full of mines. Litchfield’s Prospect Mountain is part of that mining history, and remnants of its copper and nickel excavations are still evident along the nearly 5 miles of trails that wind across the 1,350-foot summit. Industrial activity which had grown during the Revolution continued in the years that followed.

The area of most of the mining activity in Litchfield, in the mid-to-late 19th century, was Mount Prospect, where at least six mines or prospects were worked. Various companies were incorporated to do mining in the town of Litchfield, chiefly on Prospect Mountain, sometimes called Prospect Hill or Mount Prospect. The three principle mines were the Granniss Mine just west of Prospect Mountain, Buck’s Mine on the southwest slope of the hill, and the Connecticut Nickel Company’s mine, one mile south of the summit. The mines were worked intermittently from 1835 until 1880, but were too small and too low a grade to be commercially exploitable.

In 1860 the Connecticut Mining Company bought two mining rights on Prospect Mountain. They promised an abundant return for funds invested and labor performed.

Connecticut Mining Company

In 1864, the Nickel Mining and Smelting Company purchased the rights to mine on the west slope of Prospect Mountain. Some nickel was indeed taken out of the mountain, and it is said that it was sold to the Government and used to make the nickel cents which were in circulation before the nickel five-cent piece was placed in use. Eventually, the venture shared the fate of the other Litchfield mines.

Image courtesy of the Litchfield Historical Society

In 1983, 481 acres on Prospect Mountain were titled to the Litchfield Land Trust from the Nature Conservancy, a gift from Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Gagarin, the James J. Porter Trust and Mr. Thurston Green. Since then additional parcels on Prospect Mountain have been obtained and LLT has established and maintains 4 scenic trails on its Prospect Mountain Preserve offering views from the highest elevation in Litchfield.

Trails Overview:

Prospect Mountain Trail – blue blazes – 1.9 miles – is rated moderate/challenging as it includes a 400-ft. elevation gain to the summit, as well as some steep and rocky areas. The Prospect Mountain Trail transects the preserve. This trail was once a portion of the blue-blazed Mattatuck Trail. Highlights include rocky terrain, mountain laurel, a stand of young black birch (regeneration from tornado destruction in 1989), a steep ravine, and Prospect Mountain’s south and north summits, each with long views.
Yellow Trail – 0.7 mile – is rated moderate/challenging. This trail forms a loop with the blue-blazed trail, traveling through a predominantly birch forest. It crosses seasonal wetlands and ascends steeply to meet the Prospect Mountain Trail near the mountain’s 1,350-foot summit.
Grannis Pond Loop Trail – red blazes – 1 mile – west of Prospect Mountain Road, is relatively easy. It passes along the south shore of Granniss Pond then turns north, crossing a footbridge, below the pond along its western shore on a boardwalk. This loop trail continues on through a pine plantation, old stone walls, an old farm road, an old high meadow, and back down towards the pond’s eastern side. The last feature before completion of the loop is an old horizontal mine shaft opening and a pond overlook.
Graham Thompson Trail – white blazes – 1.2 miles – is of moderate difficulty. The trail begins at Prospect Mountain Road, initially loops southeast, passing through wetlands and an old pine plantation, then recrossing the wetlands before turning sharply to the right and through barway. It continues in a northerly direction through mostly open forest of moderate inclines and descents. Finally, the trail bears more easterly, becoming steeper until it meets the Blue trail near the south summit.

The entire Prospect Mountain Preserve trail system is part of Connecticut Forest and Park Association’s (CFPA) statewide system of trails, and is jointly administered by CFPA and Litchfield Land Trust (LLT).

Hike Overview:

Always looking for interesting places to hike, I came across this preserve on social media and became interested. This hidden gem packs a lot of enjoyment for the novice and avid hiker alike. A novice hiker will enjoy its well marked and easy to follow trails. The avid hiker will enjoy the relentless ups and downs throughout the rugged landscape. There aren’t too many level stretches of trail to be found at Prospect Mountain Preserve. The views are enjoyable enough as is the scenic Granniss Pond. The mines provide another point of interest to search out along the trails.

Not knowing much about this place and not being able to find much info online, I was hoping to take in as much of what it has to offer. Unfortunately, we missed a mine or two during our visit and we did not hike the White Trail.

This hike follows the Blue Trail from Prospect Mountain Road (main trailhead), in a counterclockwise lollipop loop (Blue, Yellow, then Blue back to trailhead). Then following the Grannis Pond Loop Trail counterclockwise around Grannis Pond and back to the trailhead.

Prospect Mountain Preserve – Litchfield Land Trust

This hike climbs to the North Summit of Prospect Mountain twice and both routes are steep.

Prospect Mountain Preserve elevation profile

The Hike:

From the main trailhead on Prospect Mountain Road, follow the blue-blazed Prospect Mountain Trail as it heads northeast. To the left of the trail, mere feet from the trailhead, is an old water filled mine. Hikers should use caution in the vicinity of the mines, as their deep water filled pits, especially when covered with leaves, can be dangerous.

Main Trailhead – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

This water filled shaft, near the trailhead, is part of the Granniss Mine.

mine – Prospect Mountain Preserve

In a short distance, the Blue Trail turns right, crosses a small stream on rocks and soon runs along a stone wall that borders a meadow.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

At the end of the stone wall, the trail begins a steep ascent. For about 300 yards, the trail climbs straight up the mountain, no switchbacks.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

At the top of the rise, the trail turns left, dips down a little and climbs again. To the left is a short spur trail that leads to Gagarin Grove, where there is a small grove of giant, 200-plus-year-old Sugar Maples. You may want to stop a minute to catch your breath as you view these ancient trees.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Gagarin Grove – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The trail continues northeast, descending into a hollow, then climbs out of the hollow, gradually at first, then the climb steepens. In about another 420 yards (from Gagarin Grove), The Blue Trail reaches the North Summit of Prospect Mountain and turns right.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Turn left on the Yellow Trail and walk a short distance to a rock outcrop, furnished with a bench, to north and west-facing viewpoints of the surrounding countryside.

turn left to North Summit view

Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

At the summit of Prospect Mountain, you will see a welcoming bench dedicated “In loving memory of Peter and Tekla Litwin from their son Ted Litwin.” This is a good place to take a break. Up to this point, you have hiked about 0.8 mile with more than 350 feet of elevation gain.

North Summit – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The north and west views were opened in spring 2011, when the Litchfield Land Trust created the yellow-blazed trail from Cathole Road to the summit.

North Summit view – Prospect Mountain Preserve

North Summit view from bench – Prospect Mountain Preserve

When you are ready to continue, retrace your steps back to the junction with the Blue Trail and proceed ahead, now going southeast along the ridge. The trail climbs a little, descends into another hollow, passing a vernal pool on the left then gradually climbs until reaching the South Summit.

continue ahead on Blue Trail

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

South Summit – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The South Summit affords a south-facing viewpoint and another place to stop along the way.

South Summit view – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The mountain visible to the far left is Mount Tom. If you zoom in with your camera or binoculars, you can see the stone tower at the summit.

South Summit view – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The Blue Trail descends from the summit, rather steeply in places. In about 300 feet, the Blue Trail comes to a T-intersection with the White Trail, which begins on the right. The Blue Trail turns left in front of a large rock cliff and a short distance later, turns right, and climbs up and across the same cliff, heading in a southerly direction.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

turn left to remain on Blue Trail

rock formations at junction of Blue/White Trails

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The trail soon begins a steady descent on what appears to be an old mining road. Stay alert for the “Pool Mine” which is in this area. We missed this mine when we got distracted stopping to talk to the president of the Litchfield Land Trust, who was hiking with a small group. He commented that they are working on a new trail. By the time we realized that we had passed the mine, we did not feel like climbing back up to look for it.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The trail soon makes a left turn, leaving the road and passes through Mountain Laurel thickets.

Blue Trail turns left

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The Blue Trail passes some interesting looking rock formations and a short distance later, at the base of the descent, reaches a junction with the start of the Yellow Trail. Turning right on the Blue Trail here will lead to the Cathole Road trailhead. Continue straight, now following the yellow blazes.

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Cathole Road trailhead junction

The Yellow Trail soon crosses a small stream on rocks and begins a steady ascent of Prospect Mountain.

Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

In about 375 yards from the start of the Yellow Trail, there is a pile of mine tailings (waste rock) to the left of the trail. Just past the pile is one of the vertical shafts of the Smith Mine. The other water filled shaft is about 200 feet south.

Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The Smith Mine, located in the upper northeast area of the mountain, was first worked by the Connecticut Mining Company in the late 1850’s. In the late summer of 1859, they had a twenty-foot shaft dug with “a beautiful show of mineral wealth” according to a company prospectus. Two years later, the shaft had been increased to fifty feet and had produced well over 400 tons of ore analyzed at three percent and more of nickel content.

Smith Mine – Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Please exercise extreme caution in the vicinity of these mines. They are deep water filled pits and the ground around them may be unstable, which could cave-in without warning.

Smith Mine – Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

As there are two shafts at this location, it is assumed the second one was started around this time also.

Smith Mine (2nd shaft) – Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

After passing the mines, the trail levels off briefly, then resumes its climb, gradually at first then becomes much more steep.

Yellow Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

After about 0.7 mile from its start, the Yellow Trail reaches the North Summit. You may want to take a break and enjoy the views here once again.

North Summit – Prospect Mountain Preserve

North Summit view – Prospect Mountain Preserve

When you are ready to continue, follow the yellow blazes a short distance to the junction with the Blue Trail and turn right. Now retrace your steps along the Blue Trail as it descends Prospect Mountain, steeply in places, and follow the blue blazes all the way back to the Prospect Mountain Road trailhead, where you began the hike.

turn right on Blue Trail

Blue Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

If you would like to continue the hike, look for the red-blazed Grannis Pond Trail which is directly across the road. This trail can be hiked in either direction, but we chose to do it counterclockwise because the Granniss Mine would be at the beginning and the skies were threatening rain. Walk a few feet up the road until you see the start of the other end of the Red Trail. Follow the red blazes down the hill and in a short distance, the Granniss Mine is on the right.

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Granniss Mine – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The Granniss Mine was part of a 12-acre tract on the western slope of the mountain that was begun in 1864 by the NY based Nickel Mining & Smelting Company. Here, a tunnel was extended some 75 feet under Prospect Mountain Road with the intent of reaching a nearby vertical shaft, but was never completed. It stands today as a dead end horizontal shaft leading to nowhere. It has the distinction of being the only mine on Prospect Mountain that over 150 years later, can still be entered.

Granniss Mine – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Just ahead is the scenic Granniss Pond.

Granniss Pond – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Follow the Red Trail as it climbs the hillside, veering away from the pond and crosses a small stream on a wooden footbridge. The trail travels through an area with interesting rock formations and if the leaves are down, you may be able to see Granniss Pond down below on the left.

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

The Red Trail passes through several stone walls as it wraps around the pond then goes through a pine plantation.

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

As the trail comes close to the edge of the pond, it runs on wooden planks, passing a Beaver Lodge.

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Beaver Lodge – Granniss Pond

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

In a short distance, the Red Trail crosses an outlet stream of the pond and turns left, soon reaching the south shore of Grannis Pond. The trail now runs along a grassy woods road, passing a bench and continues uphill to its terminus on Prospect Mountain Road, where the hike began.

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Granniss Pond – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Red Trail – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Main Trailhead – Prospect Mountain Preserve

Review:

This hike and preserve far exceeded my expectations. It is surprisingly rugged with its endless ups and downs. The trails are well marked and easy to follow. We only ran into a group of about 6 people and a solo hiker on our visit and for the most part, had the place to ourselves. The scenic landscape with its interesting rock formations, mines and viewpoints, make it a worthwhile destination for a day hike. Prospect Mountain Preserve has a little bit of everything that most outdoor lovers will enjoy.

Pros:

Historical features, scenic views, mines, rock formations, not much foot traffic, well marked trails, well maintained.

Cons:

Would be helpful to have informational signs about the mines and/or history of the preserve.

Take a hike!

Prospect Mountain Preserve – Litchfield Land Trust

Sources:

Litchfield Land Trust
Litchfield Historical Society
Mount Prospect complex
The history of the town of Litchfield, Connecticut, 1720-1920
Connecticut Forest and Park Association. Connecticut Walk Book: The Complete Guide to Connecticut’s Blue-Blazed Hiking Trails (20th Edition). Wesleyan University Press. Kindle Edition.
Thunder On The Mountain – The Era Of Mt. Prospect Nickel Mines – By Fletcher E. Cooper

Leatherman’s Cave Loop – Mattatuck State Forest

Posted on November 25, 2020

November 21, 2020 – Watertown, Connecticut

Difficulty: Moderate – strenuous (steep ascents, steep descents)

Length: Approximately 4 miles

Max elevation: 780 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 719 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Free Web Map: Mattatuck State Forest Trail Map (DEEP)

Avenza App Map (FREE): Mattatuck State Forest Trail Map

Trailhead parking: Black Rock State Park 2065 Thomaston Rd, Watertown, CT 06795

There is a $15.00 daily parking fee in season for non-residents on weekends and holidays. $10.00 on weekdays.

Hunting is permitted in State Forests intersected by this trail. Please use caution and wear orange during hunting season.

Overview:

Mattatuck State Forest is a Connecticut state forest spread over twenty parcels in the towns of Waterbury, Plymouth, Thomaston, Watertown, Litchfield, and Harwinton. The Naugatuck River runs through a portion of the forest. Of the many land parcels that make up this forest, the largest, 1,327 acres, adjoins Black Rock State Park and is accessible from the park’s trails. Additionally, the well-marked, 42-mile long Mattatuck Trail passes through several portions of the forest. The forest is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP).

Mattatuck State Forest

History:

Originally, the area that is now Mattatuck State Forest was inhabited by the Paugasuck (a sub-nation of the Paugussett) Indians. The Paugassett roamed the entire Naugatuck Valley and had a vibrant society. They lived in wigwams and hunted, fished, and raised crops for food. The Algonquin name for the area was “Matetacoke” meaning “place without trees.” It appeared as “Mattatock” in 1673, and “Mattatuck” in the General Court record of May 18, 1674. In 1684, Thomas Judd and 35 prospective landowners purchased the land from the natives.

With the arrival of European pioneers came the onset of farming. That meant clear-cutting huge sections of land, cutting down trees that had never before felt an ax or a saw. In the 1880’s, when the farming boom subsided, industries took charge. Mattatuck State Forest and Black Rock State Park were deforested; the wood being used as fuel for foundries and brass milling in the nearby Naugatuck Valley.

By the time Harley F. Roberts had the idea to conserve some of his local area for a state forest, the land was in rough shape. Probably no one man accomplished more for Connecticut state forests than Mr. Harley F. Roberts, Master of the Taft School in Watertown. It was through him that in 1925 the Black Rock Forest, Inc. was organized for the sole purpose of acquiring and giving to the State, Black Rock park and Mattatuck forest. Mattatuck’s initial 723 acres were gifted to the state in 1926. By 1930, through a combination of continued land donations by the Black Rock Association and purchases by the state, the forest had grown to 2,578 acres. Mr. Roberts’s vision of land conservation has been well respected, for in the years since his original gift, Mattatuck has grown to encompass 4,510 acres in 20 different parcels within the towns of Waterbury, Plymouth, Thomaston, Watertown, Litchfield, and Harwinton.

Mr. Roberts died in the spring of 1930. His friends appreciative of his service to the State, presented a tablet which was dedicated June 7, 1930 by Mr. Horace Taft.

Harley F. Roberts Memorial – Mattatuck State Forest

The tablet was placed upon a remarkable boulder, a natural monolith in the forest, not far from Bidwell Hill Road. This grove was partially thinned and was supposed to be maintained as the Roberts Memorial Grove. It now sits forgotten in the woods.

Harley F. Roberts Memorial – Mattatuck State Forest

The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Camp Roberts, which housed Company #175, was stationed at Black Rock State Park in Thomaston, Connecticut. The camp was established May 30, 1933 and was discontinued Sept. 28, 1937. The camp’s main projects were: building miles of truck trails, survey and boundary work, gypsy moth removal and tree planting. The CCC embarked on a massive reforestation project, planting tens of thousands of trees and instituting erosion control. The forest began to improve under the practices of the CCC, which turned the abused landscape into productive woodlands.

Signs of the region’s industrial history and resource exploitation abound on the landscape, but today’s forest hides much of the evidence. Remains of quarries, lime kilns, house foundations, agricultural fields, and charcoal mounds can still be found.

The Leatherman: The complete story of this legendary vagabond will never be known, but the Connecticut Legend of the Leatherman is alive and well in Mattatuck State Forest. This renowned tramp wore a 60 pound, leather patchwork suit and carried two bags in one hand and a walking stick in the other. Among his belongings were an ax, pail, hatchet, jack-knife, awl and scraps of leather.

The Leatherman

The Leatherman had a 34 day, 365 mile, clockwise loop through western Connecticut and eastern New York. He faithfully followed this loop for roughly three decades until his death in 1889. He completed the circuit 11 times each year.

The Leatherman’s circuit

Each day ended 10-11 miles from the last, and his long series of evening rest areas included many cave shelters and rock overhangs. One of his rest stops was in Mattatuck State Forest, that today is known as the Leatherman’s Cave. Although it’s not a true cave, it’s more of a fissure cave. Fissure caves are formed by movements of the earth – earthquakes and other shifts – as opposed to erosion, which forms most caves. This jumble of massive rocks under a ledge known as Crane’s Lookout, is probably the most well known and spectacular of all the Leatherman’s Caves.

Leatherman’s Cave – Mattatuck State Forest

He survived the blizzard of 1888, but the next winter was found dead in his cave in Briarcliff, NY. His bag contained heavy leather equipment as well as a crucifix and a small French prayer book from 1840. He was buried at the Sparta Cemetery in Ossining, New York.

The grave site was situated right next to Route 9 and so many people visited his grave that concerns arose that someone could get hurt. So the local historical society decided to exhume the remains of the Old Leatherman and move his grave farther away from the road. The historians thought that while they were at it, they could also take the opportunity to do forensic tests on the remains, to learn more about him. In late May 2011, when the grave was dug up, they did not find any remains, just dirt and some iron nails. They re-buried the dirt and iron nails in a plain pine box, on higher ground in the middle of the cemetery. Visitors can see the boulder, which is his gravesite with a plaque that reads: The Leatherman.

The Leatherman – Sparta Cemetery – April 2021

The band Pearl Jam recorded a song about him, “Leatherman.” His leather bag is on exhibit at the Connecticut Historical Society in Hartford.

Trails Overview:

Mattatuck Trail – The 42 mile-long Mattatuck Trail, is part of the Blue-Blazed Hiking Trail system. It travels across Black Rock State Park from west to east, crossing Bidwell Hill Road and entering Mattatuck State Forest. The trail then crosses US-6 and climbs steeply to Crane’s Lookout and descends steeply, passing through the Leatherman’s Cave.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

Branch Brook Trail – Most of the 0.8-mile Branch Brook Trail is located in the forest, south of Reynolds Bridge Road in the town of Watertown. It is used to form a loop hike to return back to Black Rock State Park. An almost level woods road that makes a nice finish to this challenging hike.

Branch Brook Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

These trails can be combined with the trails in Black Rock State Park to form a longer loop hike.

Hike Overview:

This is one of those “must do” hikes in Connecticut. If the history and the lore is not enough, the sheer beauty of the area makes it a worthwhile trek. The Leatherman’s Cave itself is massive and the Mattatuck Trail goes right through it. The area around the cave is also quite impressive with all the overhanging ledges and rock formations. One of the most resplendent sections of trail that I have hiked.

This loop begins and ends in Black Rock State Park, where there is plenty of parking. There is no out-of-state parking fee after Labor Day or before Memorial Day weekend.

A lot of people do this hike in reverse of how it is described here, but by doing the hike counterclockwise, the last mile of the hike is on an almost entirely level woods road. It is preferable to this writer, to do the more strenuous sections early on and finish with an easy stroll along the brook.

The Mattatuck trail has varying easy-to-difficult sections. Starting in Black Rock State Park, it’s an easy walk through the woods. As the trail climbs the ridge towards Crane’s Lookout, it becomes steep and rocky. Most of the elevation is gained in under a mile, from US-6 (Thomaston Road) to Crane’s Lookout. From there, the descent is rather steep in sections, sometimes over open rock slabs. The last mile on the Branch Brook Trail is an almost level woods road.

Leatherman’s Cave Loop – Mattatuck State Forest

There is some light rock scrambling along steep sections of the Mattatuck Trail, where you may have to use both your hands and feet while ascending and descending.

Leatherman’s Cave Loop – Mattatuck State Forest

Please Note: This hike should not be attempted if there is rain, ice or snow. The Mattatuck Trail travels up and over steep sections of open rock slabs and ledges with steep dropoffs. Poor weather conditions and/or wet leaves resulting in poor traction, could be dangerous.

The Hike:

After entering Black Rock State Park, park just past the ticket booth, by the paved park road that leads to the beach (Black Rock Pond). If the gate is open, there is parking closer to the pond.

paved park road – Black Rock State Park

Walk past the gate and proceeded up the paved park road towards Black Rock Pond. Just before the restrooms, turn right, leaving the park road, walk across the field and cross the steel footbridge.

paved park road – Black Rock State Park

turn right and walk across the field – Black Rock State Park

steel footbridge – Black Rock State Park

After crossing the bridge, turn left by the large park map, on a woods road, crossing a small wooden footbridge and proceed uphill.

turn left after crossing the steel footbridge

woods road – Black Rock State Park

In just under 300 feet, the woods road joins the blue-blazed Mattatuck Trail, which continues uphill towards Black Rock. This turn is easy to miss as you have to make a hard left, almost making a U-turn. Follow the blue blazes as they immediately turn right and begin heading in a southeasterly direction on another woods road.

turn sharp left on Mattatuck Trail

Mattatuck Trail – Black Rock State Park

The Mattatuck Trail travels along the southern end of Black Rock State Park, near Black Rock Pond. It crosses a series of small wooden footbridges over outlet streams of Black Rock Pond.

Mattatuck Trail – Black Rock State Park

In about 0.75 mile, from the start of the hike, the Mattatuck Trail crosses Bidwell Hill Road, leaving Black Rock State Park. The trail crosses the road diagonally to the right and reenters the woods, entering Mattatuck State Forest.

Mattatuck Trail – Bidwell Hill Road

Mattatuck State Forest

The trail heads uphill on a woods road and in another 540 feet, turns left leaving the woods road and weaves its way through the woods, crossing a small stream, turning left (heading north) then turning right and crossing US-6 (Thomaston Rd). Care should be taken while crossing this road

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

Mattatuck Trail – US 6

The trail reenters the woods and now begins a steady climb. At times the trail climbs steeply over rock slabs which could be slick, if wet or covered with leaves.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The trail levels off briefly then resumes its steep ascent over a large rock formation. Once at the top of the rock formation, looking back, some partial views can be had. The trail levels off a little, traveling along slanted rock slabs with steep drop offs to the left.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The trail descends a little, climbs slightly then descends steeply into the valley, intersecting several woods roads as it passes through a wet area on wooden planks.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The trail turns left and begins to climb more steeply on rock slabs, then through a section of trail that is extremely rutted. At the top of the rise, the trail turns left as it reaches a junction with an unmarked trail.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The Mattatuck Trail comes out on open rock at Crane’s Lookout. From here, you can see the countryside about 270 degrees all around you. You are now standing above the Leatherman’s Cave.

Crane’s Lookout – Mattatuck State Forest

A memorial for a 24 year old man that was killed in 2015, in a tragic automobile accident.

Crane’s Lookout – Mattatuck State Forest

At an elevation of 780 feet, views of Thomaston and Watertown’s hills and valleys

Crane’s Lookout – Mattatuck State Forest

You have now hiked almost 2 miles. This makes for a good spot to remove your pack and rest up from the climb, while you take in the views.

Crane’s Lookout – Mattatuck State Forest

The next part can be confusing. There is a forked arrow painted on the rock that points down the side of the Crane’s Lookout, to the left. The blue blazes will soon appear as you descend. When you come to a Y-intersection with the Jericho Trail (also blue blazed), which begins on the right, bear left to stay on the Mattatuck Trail.

Crane’s Lookout – Mattatuck State Forest

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The trail hugs the side of the rock formation that you just descended and in a short distance, reaches the Leatherman’s Cave. The Mattatuck Trail passes through the cave and exits the other end. You may want to take some time to explore this area.

Leatherman’s Cave – Mattatuck State Forest

Looking back at the Leatherman’s Cave after exiting the other end.

Leatherman’s Cave – Mattatuck State Forest

After exiting the cave, the trail passes through another interesting area of high overhanging ledges and rock formations. You may have to climb over some small boulders as you make your way through this section of trail.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

The trail descends steeply, losing about 350 feet of elevation in about 500 yards. The trail climbs again, gaining about another 100 feet of elevation in the next 500 yards or so. The trail descends again, losing another 150 feet of elevation before the grade lessens.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

Near the base of the final descent, the trail passes an old quarry.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

After about a mile from the Leatherman’s Cave, the Mattatuck Trail reaches a junction with the Branch Brook Trail, which begins on the left.

Mattatuck Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

Turn left and follow this almost level woods road in a westerly direction as it heads towards US-6.

Branch Brook Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

I read that this trail was once a trolley track from Waterbury to Black Rock at the turn of the century. By the looks of the amount of effort it took to construct it, by blasting the rock and raising the road bed, I tend to believe it.

Branch Brook Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

In about 0.7 mile, the trail turns right, crossing the Branch Brook on a wooden footbridge, and a short distance later, reaches US-6.

Branch Brook Trail – Mattatuck State Forest

Cross the road carefully and walk down the entrance road of Black Rock State Park, past the ticket booth, to the parking lot, where the hike began.

US 6 – Black Rock State Park

Black Rock State Park

Review:

A somewhat challenging hike at times with the steep climbs and descents, but very rewarding and a good workout. The area around the Leatherman’s Cave is awe-inspiring and has a prehistoric feel to it. The Mattatuck Trail passes underneath massive overhanging ledges and climbs around rock formations. The Leatherman’s Cave is most impressive of all and exceeded my expectations. I have been to the Leatherman’s Cave In Ward Pound Ridge and this is by far on a much grander scale.

Pros:

Historical features, Leatherman’s Cave, Crane’s Lookout, scenic views, well marked trails, rock formations.

Cons:

Road crossings, some road noise can be heard.

Take a hike!

Leatherman’s Cave Loop – Mattatuck State Forest

Sources:

Hidden Valley Preserve Loop

Posted on November 17, 2020

November 14, 2020 – Washington Depot, Connecticut

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4.5 miles

Max elevation: 841 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 509 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Free Web Map: Hidden Valley Preserve Trail Map 2019

Avenza App Map (FREE): Hidden Valley Preserve Trail Map

Trailhead parking: 198 Bee Brook Rd, Washington Depot, CT 06794

The preserve is open daily, Sunrise to Sunset

Please Note: There are neither restrooms nor drinking water at the preserve.

Hidden Valley Preserve is “Carry in-Carry out,” Do not litter.

Overview:

Hidden Valley Preserve is a 727-acre tract located northeast of Washington Depot, Connecticut. The property is characterized by densely wooded hillsides cascading into the meandering river below, providing views from the Lookout and Pinnacle. The preserve is crisscrossed by nearly 17 miles of trails that offer a variety of terrain for hiking.

Hidden Valley Preserve

Hidden Valley Preserve is one of three public preserves owned by Steep Rock Association (SRA). Steep Rock Preserve and Macricostas Preserve are the other two. SRA is is a non-profit land trust whose mission is to conserve ecologically and historically significant landscapes in and around Washington, CT and the Shepaug River Valley and to enhance the community’s connection with nature. SRA is entirely funded by donations from visitors.

History:

In the Spring of 1889, just as he was about to break ground on his own country house in Washington, Connecticut, a well-known architect of the period, Ehrick Rossiter discovered that the wooded hillsides in his dramatic view to the west were slated for clear cutting. He bought the threatened land from the timber company and saved forever the 100 acres that now form the heart of the Steep Rock Reservation. During his 36 years of ownership, Rossiter built carriage roads and small river crossings and invited his friends and fellow townspeople to enjoy the wild beauty of this section of the Shepaug River Valley.

In 1925, Rossiter no longer wished to be the sole custodian of Steep Rock and gave the property over to the care of nine of his friends. One of those was Adrian van Sinderen who, at this time, undoubtedly inspired by Rossiter’s preservation motives and civic generosity, was taking similar steps to preserve the natural lands around his home.

By 1928, Adrian Van Sinderen had accumulated 650 acres and named the property “Hidden Valley” after a place in the mountains of Utah, which he had visited on a trip out West.

For the rest of his life, Adrian Van Sinderen remained an active Trustee of Steep Rock, guiding the preserve through many changes, the acquisition of new lands, the planting of new trees and the transition of Steep Rock into a public land trust. It is thus not surprising that in 1963 Adrian Van Sinderen donated 650 acres of Hidden Valley as a gift to Steep Rock Association for the continual enjoyment of the public.

Trails Overview:

Hidden Valley Preserve offers nearly 17 miles of connecting hiking trails, making it a perfect spot for hikers of all levels. The level trail lying alongside the eastern bank of the river, runs along the old railroad bed. Passenger and freight trains once rumbled through the entire length of the reservation from 1872 to 1948. Trails and woods roads remaining from the Van Sinderens’ equestrian and carriage-driving days criss-cross this tract of hardwoods, pine groves, and hemlocks. The trails are well marked and for the most part, easy to follow. There are some unmarked trails throughout the property that may not appear on the trail map.

An easy loop hike of about 1.5 miles can be done utilizing the Bee Brook Loop and the old railroad bed, crossing both bridges over the Shepaug River.

Please Note: Trails may be periodically closed due to their conditions or to protect plants and wildlife.

Points of Interest:

The Thoreau Footbridge: A cable stayed, mass timber suspension bridge spanning 134′ across the Shepaug River. The bridge deck rises to clear the 500 year flood level and then sweeps 90 degrees as it gently ramps down to the north side of the river. Quotes from Thoreau’s seminal writings, inscribed by water jet into a bench at the cliff base and along the bridge’s steel handrails, offer moments for reflection.

Thoreau Footbridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

Pinnacle: A rocky high point that rises to about 841 feet above sea level. The view is stunning with patches of fields and forest placed among the distant hills. A plaque honors Van Sinderen’s donation of the property.

Pinnacle – Hidden Valley Preserve

The Lookout: is a semi-circular terrace providing scenic views of the valley to the west. It was constructed as a lookout and rest spot along the carriage roads built by Adrian Van Sinderen. Overhung by trees in places, this is a great spot for a picnic.

The Lookout – Hidden Valley Preserve

The Quartz Mine: once helped support a small mining industry in the 19th Century. This surface mine was active from the 1800’s until it was abandoned in 1915. The quartz, used as a filler in paint and as an abrasive, was initially transported from here to the Hudson River by wagon and, later, by train. Quartz normally forms beautiful hexagonal crystals, but the mineral developed at Hidden Valley Preserve as a massive white vein.

Quartz Mine – Hidden Valley Preserve

Shepaug River: Deriving its name from the Mohegan word for “rocky water,” the Shepaug River extends for 26 miles across northwestern Connecticut. It originates in Warren and runs south through Washington, Roxbury, and Southbury where it finally joins the Housatonic River.

Shepaug River – Hidden Valley Preserve

Stephen C. Reich Memorial Bridge: In 2007, a new footbridge, replacing the 1987 bridge (which in turn replaced one from 1977) washed away in 2005 flooding, was dedicated to the memory of Major Stephen C. Reich, on New Year’s Day. Major Reich grew up in Washington, graduated from Shepaug Valley High School in 1989 and the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1993. He was commanding a U.S. Army Special Forces rescue operation in eastern Afghanistan when his Chinook helicopter was shot down June 28, 2005, killing all 16 aboard.

Reich Memorial Bridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

Hike Overview:

This particular hike is a good introduction to Hidden Valley Preserve as it hits all of the main points of interest. This hike begins at the smaller parking area, just north of the main entrance. This parking lot can fit about 12 vehicles if everyone parks correctly. The reason for beginning here was to cross the Thoreau Footbridge early before the place got busy. This hike can also be done from the main parking lot, crossing the Thoreau Footbridge at the end.

We began and ended the hike on the white-circle-blazed Bee Brook Loop Trail. For most of the hike, we followed the yellow-circle-blazed Van Sinderen Loop Trail. Which climbs to the Pinnacle then heads north across the Lookout and through the Quartz Mine. We also followed the blue-circle-blazed Pinnacle Trail briefly to the viewpoint and utilized the white-diamond-blazed connector trail to reach the river after passing through the Quartz Mine.

This hike was done counterclockwise from Bee Brook Road, just north of the Rt. 47 highway bridge.

Hidden Valley Preserve Loop

elevation profile – Hidden Valley Preserve Loop

The Hike:

The hike begins by crossing the footbridge that spans Bee Brook. In 1976, this small wooden footbridge was built over Bee Brook to allow dry access to the Hidden Valley entrance just north of the Rt. 47 highway bridge.

wooden footbridge over Bee Brook

Bee Brook – Hidden Valley Preserve

After crossing the small footbridge over Bee Brook, we turned right on the white-circle-blazed Bee Brook Loop Trail which heads uphill on a woods road then descends and parallels the Shepaug River. In about 250 yards, the Bee Brook Loop Trail reaches the Thoreau Bridge. Leaving the Bee Brook Loop Trail, we crossed the 134-ft. suspension bridge to the eastern section of Hidden Valley Preserve.

Bee Brook Loop – Hidden Valley Preserve

Thoreau Footbridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

A cast iron bench on the eastern side of the bridge has a Henry David Thoreau quote that anyone who has explored the woods can relate to: “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived.”

bench on the eastern end of the Thoreau Bridge

“The universe is wider than our views of it.”

Thoreau Footbridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

After crossing Thoreau Bridge, we turned right and headed south towards the main entrance. The yellow-circle-blazed Van Sinderen Loop begins here. If starting the hike from this parking lot, this is where you would begin. The Van Sinderen Loop climbs on a woods road, passes through a wooden barrier and continues north with Thoreau Bridge visible through the trees below.

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

A short distance later, the trail comes to a fork and the Van Sinderen Loop Trail splits. This is where the loop portion of the Van Sinderen Loop begins. If you were to follow only the yellow circle blazes, you would end up back at this spot. Although there are no visible blazes on the right fork, it is coaligned with the white-diamond-blazed Connector Trail. I misread the map and continued straight and used an unmarked trail to back track. Take the right fork as it climbs steeply.

bear right at the fork

In about another 520 feet, the two coaligned trails split. We turned right to continue following the yellow circle blazes, which continue to climb towards the Pinnacle.

bear right at the fork

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

In about another 275 feet, the Van Sinderen Loop Trail comes to a junction with the blue-blazed Pinnacle Trail. We turned right on the Pinnacle Trail which climbs steeply for about 210 feet and comes out onto a rock outcrop with views to the northwest.

turn right on Pinnacle Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

Pinnacle Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

A plaque honors Van Sinderen’s donation of “this hidden valley woodland with gratitude for his foresight in developing its beauty.”

Pinnacle Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

Pinnacle – Hidden Valley Preserve

We retraced our steps back to the Van Sinderen Loop Trail which is now coaligned for a short distance with the Pinnacle Trail. When the two trails split, we veered left, following the yellow blazes which descend gradually through the dense woods, soon passing one of the white diamond connector trails on the left.

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

In about 0.4 mile, the Van Sinderen Loop Trail passes through an open field with a private residence to the right and a west-facing viewpoint to the left. The trail reenters the woods, descends, levels off slightly, then climbs again, soon reaching the Lookout, with more west-facing views.

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

The circular terrace marked with a small stone wall, showcases a scenic view across the hills of Washington. According to the Steep Rock Association, the Lookout was built by Adrian Van Sinderen as a resting spot along his carriage road. Old houses, fields and farms can be seen in the distant hills.

The Lookout – Hidden Valley Preserve

The Van Sinderen Loop Trail descends then levels off, passing junctions with several trails. It then turns left and descends again, heading in a westerly direction. At the base of the descent, the trail turns right and passes through the area of the Quartz Mine.

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

Quartz Mine – Van Sinderen Loop Trail

Quartz Mine – Hidden Valley Preserve

According to the Steep Rock Association, the mine was active from the 1800’s until 1915, transporting quartz to the Hudson River by wagon and train. The quartz was used as a filler in paint and as an abrasive. A huge vein of quartz remains exposed, and the trail is littered with snow-white tailings that crunch under your boots.

Quartz Mine – Van Sinderen Loop Trail

The trail passes through an area that is built up with stone walls and possibly foundations that were associated with the abandoned Quartz Mine.

Van Sinderen Loop Trail – Hidden Valley Preserve

The yellow-circle-blazed Van Sinderen Loop Trail comes to a T-intersection and turns right. We turned left on a poorly blazed white-diamond-blazed connector trail which heads in a southerly direction.

turn left on White Diamond Connector Trail

In just under 500 yards, the connector trail ends at a T-intersection with the Van Sinderen Loop Trail. Here we turned left and followed the trail south. This section of the trail runs along the old Shepaug Valley Railroad bed. The 32-mile railroad once known as the “crookedest east of California” with its 200 curves and 32-mile length to cover a route 18 miles long as the crow flies.

turn left on Van Sinderen Loop Trail

A short distance later, the trail reaches the Stephen C. Reich Memorial Bridge. Major Reich was a Washington resident who died in 2005 as part of an Army Night Stalker team that was trying to rescue an eight-member Navy Seal team in Afghanistan. The mission was depicted in the 2014 movie, “Lone Survivor.” A plaque dedicates the bench and bridge to Reich with the quote, “If you would seek his monument, look about you.”

Reich Memorial Bridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

We crossed the bridge and climbed the wooden steps on the western side of the Shepaug River. The bridge connects the Van Sinderen Loop Trail with the Bee Brook Loop.

Reich Memorial Bridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

Shepaug River – Hidden Valley Preserve

Reich Memorial Bridge – Hidden Valley Preserve

After crossing the bridge and climbing the stairs, we turned left on the Bee Brook Loop Trail which soon descends to river level as it heads south.

Bee Brook Loop – Hidden Valley Preserve

Shepaug River – Hidden Valley Preserve

In about 0.6 mile (from the Reich Memorial Bridge), the Bee Brook Loop Trail passes the Thoreau Bridge. If you parked in the main lot, you would cross the bridge, turn right and head for the parking lot.

Bee Brook Loop – Hidden Valley Preserve

If you began the hike where we did, continue past the bridge for another 250 yards, up and down the hill, cross the small wooden footbridge over Bee Brook and back to the parking area where the hike began.

wooden footbridge over Bree Brook – Hidden Valley Preserve

Review:

A really good hike in a well maintained preserve. The points of interest are plentiful and the landscape is quite scenic. The trails are well marked with the exception of most of the junctions, which could use some blazes closer to the turnoffs. By using the free Avenza Maps app, it makes it much easier to navigate the trails. This is a popular hiking location on weekends, especially on nice days and can get crowded. An early start is recommended or even weekdays to avoid any crowds. The preserve was litter free on the day of our visit, let’s keep it that way. Do not litter, please carry out what you carry in.

Pros:

Scenic landscape, well maintained trails, historical features, scenic views, Thoreau Bridge, Quartz Mine, Pinnacle, Shepaug River.

Cons:

Some junctions are not well marked, can hear some road noise, attracts crowds on nice days.

Take a hike!

Hidden Valley Preserve Loop

Sources:

Canopus Lake Overlook from Long Hill Road – Fahnestock State Park

Posted on November 8, 2020

November 8, 2020 – Hopewell Junction, NY

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4.7 miles

Max elevation: 1,282 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 701 ft.

Route type: Out and back

Buy Map: East Hudson Trails Map

Free Web Map: Fahnestock State Park Trail Map

Avenza App Map (FREE): Fahnestock State Park Map for Avenza

Trailhead parking: 101-91 Long Hill Rd, Hopewell Junction, NY 12533

Overview:

Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park, also known as Fahnestock State Park, is a 14,337-acre state park located in north central Putnam County with portions in the towns of Carmel, Kent, Philipstown and Putnam Valley. The park is traversed by the Taconic State Parkway, US Route 9, NYS Route 301 and several local roads. Rail stations operated by Metro North Railroad are within ten miles of the park at Garrison, Cold Spring and Beacon. The park does not have a single, formal entrance. The park is managed and maintained by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation.

Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park

Fahnestock is characterized by parallel ridges and hills that trend in a southwest to northeast direction. Steep slopes are often found on the southeast and northwest aspects of some of these ridges. Elevations range from approximately 400 feet in the lowest area of the park along Clove Creek in the vicinity of U.S. Route 9, to a maximum of over 1300 feet on a ridge west of Canopus Lake. The majority of the park is at elevations greater than 600 feet. The Appalachian National Scenic Trail crosses the park in a southwest-northeast direction for over ten miles. The park receives substantial local use, and serves the New York City Metropolitan area to the south, as well as out-of-state users.

Trail Overview:

The Appalachian Trail traverses Fahnestock State Park for 10.24 miles, entering from the southern boundary of the park east of Catfish Pond, north across Route 301 past Canopus Lake, and exiting the northern end of the park at Long Hill Road, near the Dutchess-Putnam County boundary. There is parking on Long Hill Road where the trail crosses. The AT within state parkland is cooperatively managed by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy and the NYNJTC, under a formal Memorandum of Understanding with OPRHP and other entities.

Hike Overview:

Two weeks earlier, we did a hike to Canopus Lake Overlook, but due to circumstances beyond our control, we had to improvise and created a different hike on the fly. Long Hill Road is a good spot to do an out and back hike, entirely on the Appalachian Trail (AT). Please keep in mind that the approach to the parking area on Long Hill Road is not paved, steep, and in places, rutted. The road itself climbs on switchbacks with some extremely sharp curves. I would not recommend a low-lying vehicle to travel along this road. I would be hesitant as well if there is snow or heavy rain. There is room for about 8-10 cars, right where the AT crosses the road.

Long Hill Road trailhead

This is a straightforward out and back hike, entirely on the AT, that leads to several good scenic viewpoints. This long ridge is Shenandoah Mountain although the highpoint (1282 ft. above sea level), near Long Hill Road, is labeled as Looking Benchmark (Mountain?) on the USGS survey benchmark. The AT is well blazed and easy to follow, and for the most part, an unfrequented section of trail. We encountered three southbound through-hikers and several day hikers

Canopus Lake Overlook from Long Hill Road – Fahnestock State Park

Once the initial steep climb to the ridge is completed, it’s mostly a gradual downhill until the trail nears Canopus Lake, then it’s uphill to the Canopus Lake Overlook. From there, it’s simply a matter of retracing your steps back the way you came, to Long Hill Road.

Canopus Lake Overlook from Long Hill Road – Fahnestock State Park

The Hike:

From the parking area, cross the road and head south on the white-blazed Appalachian Trail, which you will be following for the entire hike. Here, the trail enters Fahnestock State Park at its northern end and climbs Shenandoah Mountain, gradually at first then more steeply on rock steps.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

The trail levels off briefly, then continues its steep ascent. In about 0.4 mile, the AT reaches the 1282-ft. open summit of Shenandoah Mountain, marked by a USGS survey benchmark.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

Looking Benchmark – Appalachian Trail

If you look closely, it is stamped LOOKING 1933. I have heard this spot referred to as Looking Rock and/or Looking Mountain, but on maps it is labeled as Shenandoah Mountain. When I inquired about it to the NY-NJ Trail Conference, I was told that the long ridge is all Shenandoah Mountain.

Looking Benchmark – Appalachian Trail

At the summit of Shenandoah Mountain, there is an American flag painted on the rock, in memory of September 11, 2001.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

You have now hiked about 0.4 mile, with more than 250-ft. of elevation gain. This makes a good spot to take a breather and enjoy the views. The view southeast from the summit of Shenandoah Mountain.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

The view northeast towards Dutchess County from the summit of Shenandoah Mountain.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

South-facing view of the East Hudson Highlands.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

When you are ready to continue, proceed south on the AT as it leaves the summit and reenters the woods. The trail descends, dipping down into the valley and turns left on an old woods road, bordered by a stone wall. As you continue along the AT, you may notice more stone walls and some cellar holes from homesteads long ago. Imagine folks that called this home, cultivating the rugged landscape in order to survive.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

In just over a mile from the summit, the AT comes to a junction with a blue-blazed trail and turns right. Continue to follow the white blazes as they begin a steady climb, gradually at first, then more steeply, passing some interesting rock formations along the way.

turn right to remain on Appalachian Trail

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

In another 0.6 mile, look for a short unmarked spur trail to the right that leads to a west-facing view of the surrounding hills.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

When you are ready to proceed, continue south on the AT about another 750 feet to the Canopus Lake Overlook.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

From this south-facing viewpoint, you can see most of Canopus Lake. Canopus Lake at an elevation of 915 feet, is a 104-acre lake with a shoreline of approximately 3.7 miles. The lake was created in the mid-1930’s by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). If you look down below to the left, Canopus Beach is visible through the trees. This is your turn around spot and makes an excellent place to relax and enjoy a snack.

Canopus Lake Overlook Loop – Appalachian Trail

When you are done soaking in the scenery, retrace your steps along the AT (heading north), and in about 1.8 miles, you will be back at the Looking Rock Benchmark, where you may want to snap some more pics.

Appalachian Trail – Shenandoah Mountain

From the summit, it’s only 0.4 mile to the parking area on Long Hill Road, where the hike began.

Appalachian Trail – Long Hill Road trailhead

While eating and drinking post hike, we ran into an AT south bounder, trail name “Trouble.” We had a nice conversation and offered him some food and drink. A nice guy, hope he made it to his destination.

Trouble – AT south bounder

Review:

A very enjoyable hike along the Appalachian Trail. No crowds, great views and a September 11 Memorial at the summit. Even though I prefer loop hikes, this out and back was quite nice. The best thing about it was that we mostly had the trail to ourselves as well as the viewpoints. A good alternative to some of the more popular (and crowded) trails in the Hudson Valley.

Pros:

Appalachian Trail, scenic views, Shenandoah Mountain, lesser trafficked area.

Cons:

Long Hill Road can be treacherous in bad weather or with the wrong vehicle.

Take a hike!

Canopus Lake Overlook from Long Hill Road – Fahnestock State Park

Sources:

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

Posted on October 31, 2020

October 31, 2020 – Lloyd Harbor, NY

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 3.5 miles

Max elevation: 163 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 186 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Free Web Map: Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge Trail Map – Target Rock Trail Guide

Trailhead parking: 12 Target Rock Rd, Lloyd Harbor, NY 11743

Overview:

The Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge is located on the north shore of Long Island, 25 miles east of New York City. This 80-acre refuge is composed of mature oak-hickory forest, a half-mile rocky beach, a brackish pond, and several vernal ponds. The land and waters support a variety of songbirds (particularly warblers during spring migration), mammals, shorebirds, fish, reptiles and amphibians. During the colder months, diving ducks are common offshore, while harbor seals occasionally use the beach and nearby rocks as resting sites. NY State and Federally protected piping plover, least tern, and common tern depend on the Refuge’s rocky shore for foraging and rearing young. The spring bloom at Target Rock is a reminder of its days as a garden estate, with flowering rhododendrons and mountain laurel.

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

The Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge is part of the Long Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex, which consists of seven national wildlife refuges, two refuge sub-units and one wildlife management area. Collectively, the ten units are approximately 6,500 acres in size. Wertheim National Wildlife Refuge is home to the refuge complex headquarters and visitor center. These units are part of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

Founded by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1903 and administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Wildlife Refuge System is a diverse network of lands and waters dedicated to conserving America’s rich fish and wildlife heritage.

National Wildlife Refuge System

Visitor Activities:

Fishing – Fishing is allowed from the shoreline. A free New York state salt water fishing license is required. Common fish species include striped bass (striper or rockfish), weakfish, summer flounder (fluke), bluefish, blackfish (tautog) and porgy (scup).
Please clean your fish at home. The refuge does NOT maintain a fish cleaning station.
Wildlife Viewing – Most wildlife viewing is done from one of three hiking trails. Catbirds, cardinals, common yellowthroats and Carolina wrens use the dense understory formed by azaleas, rhododendrons and yews.
Environmental Education – Limited interactive, student oriented activities are offered. Please contact the headquarters office in order to set up programming for your private group. (631) 286-0485.
Photography – Nature based photography is permitted along any of the trails and along the beach. Please stay on marked trails and do not disturb resting wildlife.

The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

History:

The 80-acre refuge is named for the massive shoreline rock, one of the island’s boulders that remain from the glacial deposits. Legend has it the British Navy used the 14-foot high “Target Rock” for target practice during the War of 1812. Long Island’s geography was carved out by glaciers thousands of years ago, forming bluffs, dunes, necks and bays. At the time of the Revolutionary War, Target Rock was part of the bluffs that overlook Huntington Bay. Over the centuries, constant movement of the winds and waters eroded the massive boulder away from the bluff, consigning it to stand individually just offshore.

Target Rock

In 1654, the Matinecock Native Americans sold 3,000 acres of what is now called Lloyd Neck to English settlers from Oyster Bay. In 1676, James Lloyd acquired the neck, which was then taken over by his son Henry. Henry Lloyd farmed the land and erected a house, which still survives in Caumsett State Park.

During the Revolutionary War, the town of Huntington along with the village of Lloyd Neck was occupied by the British. A fort (Fort Franklin 1777-1780, now known as Fort Hill) was built by the British on the western end of Lloyd Neck overlooking the entrance to Cold Spring Harbor. Another fortification (East Fort) was built on the east side of Lloyd Neck near the site of Target Rock. The forts were designed by the British to defend the harbors from French and American forces who attacked the forts several times. Despite the bloody battles there, the Revolutionaries never took Fort Franklin, and it was eventually abandoned after the war.

Target Rock was known to have been a target for cannon practice by British warships during the War of 1812. This glacial erratic which once sat on the side of the cliff, along with the ground that East Fort stood on, receded into the ocean over time, due to erosion.

In the 1880’s, Lloyd Neck became a stop for steamboats coming from New York City, bringing tourists and wealthy New Yorkers.

The 1900’s ushered the era of the Long Island Gold Coast, and various wealthy families began to buy land and build seaside mansions and estates.

In the early 20th century, an estate with 300 acres and 2 miles of waterfront, was established at the eastern end of Lloyd Neck, the site where East Fort once stood. Originally built by Rudolph and Olga (Von Neufville) Flinsch, it was called Target Rock Farm. It was then purchased from the Flinsches by Ambassador James W. Gerard in 1921 who made extensive improvements to the property.

In 1936 the property was sold to Investment Banker and pioneering mutual fund proprietor Ferdinand Eberstadt who constructed a new 40,000 square ft. Georgian style home, designed by Delano and Aldrich in 1937-1938. Under Eberstadt’s ownership Target Rock Farm would become known for its magnificent gardens.

In 1967 he donated this property to the Federal government under the Migratory Bird Conservation Act. Although it was first considered as the potential site of a future nuclear power plant, the estate was ultimately destined for use as a wildlife refuge with the goal of preserving endangered plant and animal species and promoting a migratory route for birds. The donated land was to be the formal legal basis that halted the proposed construction of a nuclear power plant by the Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO) in 1970.

After being declared too deteriorated to be repaired and despite attempts by preservationists to save the mansion, it was demolished in 1995 by the Fish and Wildlife Service, which said that it had deteriorated and that repairing it was “not the purpose the refuge was established for.”

Trails Overview:

The Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge has about 1.5 miles of woodland trails plus a half-mile of rocky beach. The adjacent East Beach provides almost another mile of continuous shoreline to walk on if one wants to extend the distance.

Gardener’s Path (0.3 mile) is a wide, gentle walk past the former vegetable and cutting garden of Ferdinand and Mary Eberstadt. Access to this trail is from the Rocky Beach Trail.
Warbler’s Loop (0.5 mile) descends gradually from the parking area, through the woods and ends at a junction with the Rocky Beach Trail.
Rocky Beach Trail (0.5 mile) descends gradually from the parking lot, passing the two access points for the Gardener’s Path, the terminus of the Warbler’s Loop and ends at the Rocky Beach.
Beach Access Trail (500 feet) can be accessed from the Rocky Beach Trail or the Rocky Beach, near the area of the Beach Access Stairs.
Rocky Beach (0.5 mile) although not a trail, provides an area for walking along the shoreline or just for sitting on the sand.
East Beach (0.9 mile) technically not part of Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge, but provides some extra shoreline for walking along if so desired.

Hike Overview:

We arrived shortly before 10:30am on a cool Halloween morning. The temperature was hovering around 40° and there was only one car in the parking lot, which left as we were pulling in. We planned on doing a loop incorporating East Beach to lengthen the walk. We began on the Warbler’s Loop Trail, connecting to the Rocky Beach Trail towards the beach, and walking south as far as possible along East Beach. Retracing our steps along East Beach to Rocky Beach for a view of Target Rock, then returning via the Beach Access Stairs to the upper portion of the Rocky Beach Trail and back to the parking area. We did not walk on the Gardener’s Path during our visit.

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

The Hike:

From the parking area, we proceeded east on the Warbler’s Loop Trail which leads gradually downhill on a wide path.

Warbler’s Loop

Warbler’s Loop Trail

In about 0.5 mile, The Warbler’s Loop Trail ends at a T-intersection with the Rocky Beach Trail, marked by a bench and a sign. Here we turned right and followed the Rocky Beach Trail downhill.

turn right on Rocky Beach Trail

Rocky Beach Trail

In approximately another 200 yards, the Rocky Beach Trail comes to another T-intersection, marked by a kiosk. To the left is the Beach Access Trail, which would be our return route. We stayed right to continue on the Rocky Beach Trail.

turn right on Rocky Beach Trail

Rocky Beach Trail

In about another 215 yards (past the kiosk), the trail reaches the Brackish Pond. Here, a bird blind is positioned overlooking the pond to observe wildlife.

Brackish Pond

bird blind – Brackish Pond

The tide from Huntington Bay floods this pond daily and mixes with the freshwater from the surrounding watershed. The result is a pond with salinity lower than that of the Bay, teeming with life from plants to birds, turtles, mammals, and fish.

Brackish Pond

A short distance from the Brackish Pond, the Rocky Beach Trail ends at the beach. We turned right and began to walk the shoreline in a southerly direction.

Rocky Beach

After about 550 feet, we reached the boundary of the refuge and continued past it, Now walking on East Beach.

boundary of Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

East Beach

To the south, off in the distance, is the Huntington Harbor Lighthouse which was completed in 1912.

Huntington Harbor Lighthouse

East Beach

We continued following the shoreline of East Beach, stopping to observe the tidal flats of Lloyd Harbor, to the west.

tidal flats – Lloyd Harbor

We walked as far south as the sand and tide would let us.

East Beach

Just ahead, the remains of the Lloyd Harbor Light (1857-1912) can be seen. The lighthouse once marked the entrance to Lloyd Harbor. In lower tides, these ruins may be able to be reached on foot.

Lloyd Harbor Light ruins

Lloyd Harbor Lighthouse was finished in 1857 and consisted of a two-story, wood-frame dwelling built on a brick foundation and attached at one corner to a square brick tower. A kitchen, dining room, and sitting room were found on the dwelling’s first floor, and three bedrooms on the second. The original beacon was a fifth-order, Henry-Lepaute Fresnel lens showing a fixed white light at a focal plane of forty-eight feet.

Lloyd Harbor Light – 1885

We then retraced our steps along East Beach, passing the junction with the Rocky Beach Trail and the Beach Access Stairs.

East Beach

Rocky Beach

Just past the stairs, is Target Rock. During low tide, one can walk right up to the 14-ft. glacial erratic.

Target Rock

We then ascended the Beach Access Stairs and stopped on the platform that overlooks Huntington Bay.

Beach Access Stairs

We walked along the Beach Access Trail and after about 100 feet, there is a spur trail that leads to a viewing area overlooking the beach.

Beach Access Trail

The overlook is equipped with two benches and a viewing scope that lets you easily see birds perched atop Target Rock or the beach houses across the harbor.

Overlook

Heading west, the Beach Access Trail ends at the junction with the Rocky Beach Trail (marked by a kiosk), where we veered right. Soon the trail passes the junction with the Warbler’s Loop Trail and the two access points of the Gardener’s Path. We stayed right each time to remain on the Rocky Beach Trail.

Beach Access Trail

Soon the trail passes by an overgrown field. I believe that this was the site of the Eberstadt mansion.

Rocky Beach Trail

A short distance later, the trail passes a kiosk and two private residences on either side of the trail, and then reaches the parking area, where the hike began.

Rocky Beach Trail

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

Review:

A well kept area that is far enough off the beaten path that it doesn’t see a lot of foot traffic. We had the place mostly to ourselves for the duration of our visit. Walking along East Beach was a bonus with only one other person in that area while we were there. The area around the Beach Access Stairs and Target Rock was a little busier, but still nowhere near crowded. This is definitely worth the road trip to spend a few hours outdoors.

Pros:

Historical features, Target Rock, Brackish Pond, well maintained trails, lovely landscape, scenic shoreline.

Cons:

With the exception of a hawk, a few deer and a dead raccoon, not much wildlife was moving around on the day that we visited.

Take a walk!

Target Rock National Wildlife Refuge

Sources:

Canopus Lake Overlook Loop – Fahnestock State Park

Posted on October 28, 2020

October 25, 2020 – Cold Spring, NY

Difficulty: Moderate

Length: Approximately 4.6 miles

Max elevation: 1156 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 568 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Buy Map: East Hudson Trails Map

Free Web Map: Fahnestock State Park Trail Map

Avenza App Map (FREE): Fahnestock State Park Map for Avenza

Trailhead parking: Pelton Pond Picnic Area – Cold Spring, NY 10516

Park Overview:

Clarence Fahnestock Memorial State Park

The Canopus Beach, Winter Park and the campground are located in close proximity to the intersection of Route 301 and the Taconic State Parkway. Other developed parts of the park are accessed from the parkway (Stillwater Lake), Route 301 (Pelton Picnic Area and Park Office), Indian Brook Road (Taconic Outdoor Education Center) and Route 9 (Hubbard Lodge). Access to the park’s trail network is provided at small parking areas throughout the park. The Appalachian National Scenic Trail crosses the park in a southwest-northeast direction for over ten miles. The park receives substantial local use, and serves the New York City Metropolitan area to the south, as well as out-of-state users.

Pelton Pond Picnic Area – Fahnestock State Park

The Canopus Lake Area in Fahnestock State Park is a high-use area year-round. During the warmer months, the beach and camping areas are very popular and often filled to capacity. In addition, the lake is used for fishing.

Canopus Beach – Fahnestock State Park

There are eight lakes and ponds located wholly within Fahnestock and two that are partially located within the park’s boundaries. All are man-made lakes constructed either prior to the park’s beginning or early in its history.

Canopus Lake at an elevation of 915 feet, is a 104-acre lake with a shoreline of approximately 3.7 miles. The maximum depth is about 19 feet and averages about 7 feet. The lake is used for swimming, boating, and fishing. A section of the lake’s shoreline is directly adjacent to Route 301 and the the Appalachian Trail parallels the west side of the lake.

Canopus Lake – Fahnestock State Park

History:

The park was established in conjunction with the design and construction of the Eastern (Taconic) State Parkway. It was the first State Park in Putnam County and the second park on the parkway. In 1929, a 300-acre parcel containing an attractive stretch of Roaring Brook was acquired north of Peekskill Hollow Road for the parkway alignment entering the Highlands of central Putnam County, and the surrounding area was briefly known as Roaring Brook State Park. The following year, Dr. Ernest Fahnestock and his wife donated nearly 2,400 acres for the parkway and a park in memory of Dr. Clarence Fahnestock. Development of the park for picnicking, hiking and equestrian trails, fishing and camping commenced in 1931 and coincided with the ground-breaking for the first section of the parkway at the Westchester-Putnam boundary. Civilian Conservation Corps camps established in the park in 1933, advanced the park development, reconstruction of the Carmel-Cold Spring Road (Route 301), and the parkway. The parkway was opened as a two lane drive to Route 301 in 1936. The park began expanding in the 1960’s and is now one of New York’s larger State Parks at 14,337 acres.

Canopus Lake was created in the mid-1930’s by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) with the construction of a dam at the southern end. Route 301 was relocated on top of this dam. In the 1970’s, a swimming beach was constructed on the northern end of Canopus Lake. This was undertaken by the placement of another dam structure near the midpoint of the lake which would serve to raise the water level in the north end. This structure was to have included pumps to increase circulation, however these were never installed. A large beach and bathhouse was constructed on the northeast side of “Upper Canopus” to complete the project.

Trails Overview:

Fahnestock State Park has more than 51 miles (including AT) of designated trails. All designated trails in the park are marked with colored markers or blazes. Designated trailheads and designated trail intersections are generally well marked with signage and the trails well maintained because of the on-going efforts of New York-New Jersey Trail Conference (NYNJTC) volunteers, other user groups and OPRHP staff.

Appalachian Access Trail – Canopus Lake

There are many undesignated trails throughout the park consisting of wood roads and narrower singletrack trails (trails with a tread width of approximately 18-30 inches). These trails are generally in poor condition as they are not maintained and they are unmarked which causes disorientation for visitors unfamiliar with the parks’ trail systems.

The Appalachian Trail traverses Fahnestock State Park for 10.24 miles, entering from the southern boundary of the park east of Catfish Pond, north across Route 301 past Canopus Lake along the long ridge of Shenandoah Mountain, and exiting the park at Long Hill Road, near the Dutchess-Putnam County boundary. The AT within state parkland is cooperatively managed by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy and the NYNJTC, under a formal Memorandum of Understanding with OPRHP and other entities.

Appalachian Trail – Fahnestock State Park

Hike Overview:

Originally this hike was supposed to begin at Canopus Lake Beach, connecting to the AT from there, and following the AT north towards Long Hill Road, then returning to the Canopus Lake Beach parking area. Unfortunately, when we arrived at Canopus Lake Beach, the parking area was closed. We were informed by a park employee that it will remain closed until 2021.

Canopus Lake Recreation Area – Fahnestock State Park

That certainly threw a monkey wrench in our plans, but not to be deterred, we drove down the road to the Pelton Pond Picnic Area to figure out our next move. We decided that we would begin the hike from Pelton Pond, and play it by ear on the route that we would take. This lot holds about 80 cars, but fills up quickly on nice days, especially when Canopus Beach is open. People often park here (no parking fee) to avoid paying for parking at the Canopus Lake Beach Complex.

Pelton Pond Picnic Area – Fahnestock State Park

Looking at the map, I thought that if we made our way across the dam, we could bushwack up to the AT, which follows the ridge above Canopus Lake, and head north. I was hoping that maybe there was a footpath that others may have used, but that was not the case. Once we got there, I decided to abandon that idea due to the thick brush and brambles that blanket the hillside. The AT is only about 500 feet up the steep rocky slope, with about 130 feet of elevation gain from the western end of the Canopus Lake Dam, but it didn’t seem worth the effort.

So using a combination of woods roads, unmarked footpaths and a short bushwack, we made our way back towards Canopus Lake Beach, eliminating as much of the 0.8 mile road walk along Route 301 as possible. From there we took the Appalachian Trail Connector (ATC) to the AT and headed north to a great south facing viewpoint of Canopus Lake. We continued north on the AT, turning right on the other end of the ATC and made our way back to Pelton Pond. This hike does include a short roadwalk of about 700 feet, which can be eliminated by using a woods road that I didn’t realize was there.

Not the exact hike that I had originally mapped out, but it turned out to be a good hike nonetheless, considering that it was done on the fly.

This hike was done clockwise from the Pelton Pond Picnic Area.

Canopus Lake Overlook Loop – Fahnestock State Park

The Hike:

From the parking lot, we walked out of the entrance, directly across from the Park Office, crossed the road and turned right on NYS Route 301. In about 425 feet, there is a woods road on the left (west) that leads downhill behind the Park Office and to the Canopus Lake Dam. In just over 300 ft., another woods road comes in from the right. We continued straight, following the road downhill. In about 800 ft. from NYS Route 301, we turned sharp right onto another woods road that leads to the dam. We walked across the dam, which provides excellent views of Canopus Lake.

woods road – Fahnestock State Park

Canopus Lake Dam – Fahnestock State Park

Canopus Lake – Fahnestock State Park

We then retraced our steps back up the hill on the woods road. When we came to the junction we had passed just moments earlier, we veered left on another woods road which runs parallel to the lake, then descends to its shoreline, providing more views of Canopus Lake.

woods road – Fahnestock State Park

Canopus Lake – Fahnestock State Park

The woods road then veers away from the lake and begins to climb. As the road turns a sharp right to ascend towards NYS Route 301, we left the road and continued straight on a faint footpath. Soon the footpath becomes hard to follow and we began bushwacking in a northwesterly direction towards Canopus Lake Beach. We came to a picnic area complete with tables and grills. We stopped here briefly to take a break.

woods road – Fahnestock State Park

faint footpath – Fahnestock State Park

Canopus Lake Beach – Fahnestock State Park

We then proceeded towards the northern end of Canopus Lake Beach on the paved walkway. Just before reaching the woods, there is a sign that directs hikers to the Appalachian Trail Connector. This blue-blazed trail turns left after entering the woods and sidehills Shenandoah Mountain, going south. Along the way, there is a massive rock overhang that looks like an indian rock shelter. Soon the trail dips down to the edge of the lake then turns right and begins to climb, steeply at times.

Canopus Lake Beach – Fahnestock State Park

Appalachian Access Trail – Canopus Lake Beach

rock overhang – Appalachian Access Trail

Appalachian Access Trail – Canopus Lake Beach

In about 400 yards (0.25 mile), the Appalachian Trail Connector reaches a junction with the white-blazed Appalachian Trail where we turned right, heading north. We passed a couple of AT Southbounders in this area. The AT climbs gradually at first, turns right, then climbs more steeply as it ascends through the heavily wooded Shenandoah Mountain. After a short, but steep climb, the trail levels off briefly and Canopus Lake may be visible through the trees. Soon, the AT turns left at a junction with an unmarked footpath and climbs steeply. At the top of the rise, is the Canopus Lake Overlook.

turn right on Appalachian Trail

Appalachian Trail – Fahnestock State Park

This rock outcrop which looks south over Canopus Lake is a great place to take a break and enjoy the view. In the distance, the Canopus Lake Dam is visible as it bisects the lake. While we were here, which was a long while, only a jogger with his dog came by. Other than that we had this spot all to ourselves for the entire time.

Canopus Lake Overlook – Appalachian Trail

When we were done relaxing, we continued north on the AT, along the long ridge of Shenandoah Mountain. In about 760 feet, to the left of the trail, is a west-facing viewpoint. Not as dramatic as the one we just left, but worth a stop. I actually walked right past it, but was alerted by my hiking partners that I had missed it.

Appalachian Trail – Fahnestock State Park

view west from Appalachian Trail – Fahnestock State Park

The area around this viewpoint is the highest point of elevation reached on this hike, 1156 ft. From this point, heading north, the AT descends steadily, steeply at times. In about another 0.6 mile (from the west-facing viewpoint), The AT reaches a junction with the blue-blazed Appalachian Trail Connector. We turned right, leaving the AT and began following the blue blazes.

Appalachian Trail – Fahnestock State Park

turn right on Blue Trail

This blue-blazed trail heads in a southerly direction back towards the Canopus Lake Beach Area. The trail climbs a little then levels off slightly before climbing again. It soon begins a steady descent through the woods.

Appalachian Way – Fahnestock State Park

The trail then climbs a little before descending towards a field, which is the Appalachian Trail through hikers camping area. Here the blue-blazed trail skirts the field on the right and a yellow-blazed trail skirts the field to the left. We continued straight and walked through the field. There are several picnic tables and grills in this area. Either way leads back towards the Canopus Lake parking area.

Appalachian Way – Fahnestock State Park

AT through hiker camping – Fahnestock State Park

We stayed to the right after crossing the field and began walking on a gravel road, the route of the Appalachian Trail Connector.

Appalachian Way – Fahnestock State Park

We then made our way to the Canopus Lake Beach Entrance Road and out to NYS Route 301.

Canopus Lake Beach Entrance Road – Fahnestock State Park

We turned right and walked along the road for about 700 feet then turned left onto a woods road. In hindsight, we could have crossed the road and entered the campground, which is directly across from the Canopus Lake Beach Entrance, and turned right on another woods road which connects to the woods road that we took. This eliminates the 700 ft. roadwalk along Route 301. I didn’t bother to look at the map and discovered my error later.

NYS Route 301 – Fahnestock State Park

woods road – Fahnestock State Park

The woods road comes to a junction where we veered right. To the left is the woods road that connects to the campgrounds entrance.

turn right at the junction

When we reached a junction with the yellow blazed Pelton Pond Nature Trail, we walked a few feet to the left to check out the ruins of an old stone pump house at the northern end of Pelton Pond. We then followed the yellow-blazed trail along the western side of the pond, passing by the public bathrooms, then leaving the trail and taking a short dirt road back to the parking area, where the hike began.

pumphouse ruins – Pelton Pond

Pelton Pond – Fahnestock State Park

Pelton Pond Picnic Area

Review:

This was a great improvised hike through very scenic woods and a fantastic viewpoint over Canopus Lake. The woods were quiet and we only encountered several people until we returned back to the Pelton Pond area. The marked trails were well maintained and well blazed.

Pros:

Well maintained and blazed trails, scenic views of Canopus Lake, very quiet area, not much foot traffic during our visit, interesting rock formations, pump house ruins.

Cons:

Not a big fan of roadwalks, although with the exception of crossing NYS Route 301 twice, all of the roadwalk can be eliminated.

After the hike, we had some good eats and sweets.

Take a Hike

Take a hike!

Canopus Lake Overlook Loop – Fahnestock State Park

Sources:

Fahnestock State Park

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Posted on October 18, 2020

October 18, 2020 – Franklin Lakes, NJ

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 2 miles

Max elevation: 430 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 24 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Web Map: Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Avenza App Map (FREE): Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Trailhead parking: 1 Nature Preserve Way, Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417

Preserve Overview:

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve is a 147-acre public nature reserve, located mostly within Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, with a tiny portion extending into North Haledon, New Jersey. Situated between the First and Second ridges of the northern Watchung Mountains, the preserve occupies the site of the former Haledon Reservoir, which previously supplied water to North Haledon, Haledon, and Prospect Park. Passive recreation opportunities include hiking, fishing, boating and bird watching.

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

The preserve is truly an amazing crown jewel amid attractive surrounding suburbs. The 75-acre scenic lake is an eye catcher, with fishing, birding, and picnic opportunities, along with plenty of scenery for photography. The forests, islands, dikes, dams and smaller ponds provide a wide variety of terrain and habitat to amble along with family and friends.

The Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve is open to the public from dawn to dusk.

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

History:

The area of the Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve was once used as a reservoir and watershed to supply downstream municipalities with drinking water. To this end, Molly Ann Brook, which flows through the preserve, was dammed in 1919 to form the large Haledon Reservoir and an accompanying smaller basin. This gravity dam is 25-feet tall and 625-feet long. However, by the mid-2000’s, the Haledon Reservoir and its surrounding property were disused and no longer maintained.

In 2006, the borough of Franklin Lakes, the host municipality of the majority of the property, purchased the reservoir facility in part with funds provided by the New Jersey Green Acres Program and the Bergen County Open Space Program. At the time, the site represented the largest land acquisition in the history of Franklin Lakes. After making extensive improvements to the property, including repairing roads and completing much needed maintenance on the property’s two dams, the newly christened Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve was opened to the public in June, 2011.

In early 2012, the New York–New Jersey Trail Conference began cutting and blazing trails in the preserve. The preserve’s main path, which previously only ran along the eastern shore, was extended to make a complete loop around the reservoir. In October, 2013 two floating bridges were constructed across the gaps in the earthen dikes, allowing the Island Bridges Trail to extend completely across the lake.

Trails Overview:

The Preserve Shoreline Loop (white blaze; 1.5 miles) – trailhead at the parking area – encircles the former reservoir. This trail links to a network of 12.3 miles of trails at the High Mountain Park Preserve in Wayne, NJ. Its trailhead is roughly 0.2 mile from the parking area on the loop trail, on the west side of the reservoir.

The Island Bridges Trail (blue blaze; 0.5 mile) follows earthen dikes and bridges that cut across the lake near its northern end.

The handicapped accessible trail includes an ADA compliant pathway from the parking lot, a new ADA compliant trail that follows the water’s edge, boardwalk sections across wet sections, and ADA compliant picnic tables. The trail connects to the existing 2.3 mile trail system within the Nature Preserve.

The New York-New Jersey Trail Conference has maintained the trails at the Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve in Bergen County since December 2011.

Hike Overview:

Still dealing with some foot issues, I was looking for an easy and scenic hike where I could capture some images of the fall foliage. This turned out to be a great choice. We arrived slightly before 8am on a Sunday morning and there was only one other vehicle in the sizeable parking lot. Upon our return, about an hour or so later, there were about a 1/2 dozen cars in the lot and people walking about. I could see this preserve, just like most places these days, become crowded as the day wears on.

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

The Hike:

From the parking area, climb up the road leading to the dam, passing to the left of the locked gate. When you reach the top of the dam, you’ll notice (on the fence to the left) a triple white blaze that marks the start of the Preserve Shoreline Loop Trail. You’ll be following this white-blazed trail around the lake.

Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Shoreline Loop Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Turn left and cross the dam, with views of the lake to the right and of the Lower Pond to the left. At the end of the dam, turn right and follow a narrow dirt path between a chain-link fence (with High Mountain Road beyond) on the left and the lake on the right. Several short side trails on the right lead to viewpoints over the lake, and benches have been provided for those who wish to rest while admiring the views. Soon, you’ll reach an opening in the fence where the Red Trail to High Mountain Park Preserve begins on the left. The white-blazed trail now crosses an open grassy expanse and enters a wooded area.

Shoreline Loop Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

After crossing a wooden footbridge over a culvert, the trail reaches the intersection of High Mountain Road and Ewing Avenue. Here, it bears right and begins to parallel Ewing Avenue. The trail crosses an inlet of the lake on another wooden footbridge and continues beneath tall evergreen trees.

Shoreline Loop Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Upon reaching the intersection with Waterview Drive, go through an opening in the fence on the left and use the road bridge to cross the outlet of a wetland to the northwest. At the end of the chain-link fence, turn right and reenter the preserve (just beyond a large sign for the Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve).

Shoreline Loop Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Just ahead, a signpost marks the start of the blue-blazed Island Bridges Trail. Turn right and follow this trail along a dike that juts into the lake, forming a lagoon on the left. Short paths lead out to the water on both sides of the trail, and there are fine views of High Mountain to the right (southwest). Along the way, the trail crosses two floating pontoon bridges over gaps in the dike.

Island Bridges Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Just past the second bridge, you’ll notice an open area on the shoreline across the lagoon to the left. This feature, known as Basalt Beach, is a large expanse of basalt rock (characteristic of the Watchung range). In another 500 feet, as the trail bears left, an expanse of basalt rock may be seen just to the right of the trail.

Island Bridges Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Soon, you’ll reach the end of the Island Bridges Trail at a junction with the Preserve Shoreline Loop Trail, marked by several jagged basalt boulders on the right. Turn right and follow the white-blazed Shoreline Loop Trail along a wide dirt-and-gravel woods road. After a while, you’ll pass homes on the left. Just beyond, you’ll notice a sign on the right for an Accessible Trail. The wide path on the right is a “lollipop”-loop trail that leads to a viewpoint over the lake. You can take this loop if you want to lengthen your hike a little.

terminus of Island Bridges Trail

Shoreline Loop Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

expanse of basalt rock along the Accessible Trail

view from shoreline from expanse of basalt rock along the Accessible Trail

Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

view of High Mountain from Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Just ahead on the woods road, as you come to a pine grove, you’ll notice a continuation of the Accessible Trail on the right. You can either continue ahead on the road (the official route of the Preserve Shoreline Loop Trail) or follow the Accessible Trail, which winds through the pine forest and crosses a wetland on a pontoon bridge. Either way, you’ll reach the kiosk adjacent to the parking area where the hike began, completing the loop.

turn right on Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

view from Accessible Trail – Franklin Lakes Nature Preserve

Review:

A really easy and scenic hike that is almost entirely flat. Road noise can be heard from the western leg of the Shoreline Loop Trail as it runs along a narrow strip of land, close to the road. Once away from the road, it feels more removed from civilization. The constant views of the lake and the chance to see wildlife, makes this a worthwile spot for a walk.

Pros:

Scenic landscape, a lot of bird activity, good place for an easy stroll around the reservoir.

Cons:

Road noise along the Shoreline Loop Trail. Since the preserve is surrounded by a residential area, it probably sees a lot of foot traffic.

Take a walk!

Sources:

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Posted on October 10, 2020

October 10, 2020 – Rhinebeck, NY

Difficulty: Easy

Length: Approximately 2.6 miles

Max elevation: 350 ft.– total elevation gain approximately 189 ft.

Route type: Circuit

Map: Ferncliff Forest Trail Map 2019

Map: Ferncliff Forest Trail Map (Official)

Trailhead parking: 68 Mt. Rutsen Rd, Rhinebeck, NY 12572

Overview:

Ferncliff Forest Game Refuge and Forest Preserve is a 200-acre old-growth forest preserve of deciduous and hemlock trees located in Rhinebeck, in the northern part of Dutchess County, NY. It is a free public recreation area offering hiking, mountain biking, skiing, fishing, camping and picnicking.

Ferncliff Forest Game Refuge and Forest Preserve

More commonly known as Ferncliff Forest, it bills itself as “Rhinebeck’s Number-One Free Attraction.” Ferncliff Forest today remains one of the few areas of old-growth forest in the region that is open to the public. Because the woodlands have never been clear cut, the plant life is quite varied, with many outstanding examples of large deciduous trees and numerous wildflower species. It’s an excellent spot for bird watching and nature study, especially in the spring.

Ferncliff Forest

At the highest point in the preserve, about 350 feet above sea level, stands an 80-ft. steel observation tower. Those who climb it, are rewarded with spectacular views of the Hudson River, Catskill Mountains and the Kingston-Rhinecliff Bridge. Ferncliff Forest also offers miles of woodland trails to explore, along with a pond and a recently completed pavilion.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Mt. Rutsen Pond – Ferncliff Forest

Pavilion – Ferncliff Forest

Ferncliff Forest is open year-round from dawn to dusk and is used by a number of local organizations, including scouting groups, conservation organizations, senior citizens and schools. It is managed and maintained by Ferncliff Forest, Inc.

History:

The land that is now Ferncliff Forest was too remote, hilly, and heavily wooded to be settled, and it stayed largely untouched until the early 1800’s. Small farms eventually grew up on land that is now part of the forest. In the 1850’s William Backhouse Astor, Jr., the grandson of John Jacob Astor (the richest man in America at the time and the fourth-richest American ever) bought up several of the farms on that part of the Forest and consolidated them into an estate called Ferncliff Farm. Over the years, William added more acres to the Ferncliff estate, eventually acquiring holdings that spread east of River and Mt. Rutsen roads all the way to the Old Post Road and what is now Route 9.

Another part of the land that is now Ferncliff Forest was owned by Thomas Suckley, known locally as the man who built Wilderstein, the Queen Anne style mansion on Morton Road that is now open to the public. In 1878, Suckley donated the farm on his property to the New York Methodist Conference as a retreat for retired clergy. The clergymen built cottages and a chapel and tried their hand at agriculture. They were notably unsuccessful as farmers, however, and by 1900, the colony was shut down.

In the meantime, William Backhouse Astor’s son John Jacob Astor IV had decided to increase his family’s holdings in the area; the 106 acres of the Methodist colony were sold to him in 1900 for $5,500 and incorporated into Ferncliff Farm. The Methodist chapel continued in use as a Sunday school for a few years beginning in 1902, but the cottage homes were torn down. The chapel fell into disuse and was eventually demolished. When Jack Astor went down with the Titanic in 1912, Ferncliff Farm went to his son Vincent, who continued to expand the family holdings until, by 1940, the estate had grown to 2,800 acres.

Vincent Astor died in 1959, leaving Ferncliff Farm to his wife, Brooke. Mrs. Astor (1902-2007) decided to break up the land, selling some of it and donating the rest. In 1963, Homer K. Staley, a local real estate broker who had spent some of his boyhood on the estate, asked Mrs. Astor to donate the 190-acre area known as Mt. Rutsen. She agreed, giving the land to the Rhinebeck Rotary for a forest preserve and game refuge that would remain forever wild. Homer K. Staley was named Ferncliff’s first Forest Ranger, a voluntary post he held for 30 years. In 1988, Ferncliff Forest was transferred from the Rotary, and became a nonprofit corporation known as Ferncliff Forest, Inc., funded entirely by donations.

History of the Fire Tower:

Ferncliff Forest has been the home of several towers over the last century. Each Tower has served a special purpose of its own. The first tower was a stone tower built by the Astors. That tower, now reduced to a pile of rocks perched high atop Mt. Rutsen, served as a point of reference for all who visited. The second tower was erected by the Geodetic Survey to aid in map-making. The third tower was built by the Army Corp of Engineers during World War II and served as a strategic watch tower to provide early warning of attacks, particularly on President Roosevelt’s home and planes that could be headed to New York City. That tower sadly, after serving its noble purpose, was deemed unsafe, and had to be removed in 2006. John Ochs came to Rhinebeck in 1942 with 5 other men from the Army Air Corp to serve on the Ferncliff Observation Tower. They manned the tower 24 hours a day until the day of President Roosevelt’s death.

Ferncliff Forest’s current tower was constructed in the summer of 2007. The tower, a 1933 International Derrick fire tower made of Carnegie steel, was moved from its original site in Orangeburg, South Carolina. The tower is 80 feet tall and offers spectacular views of the Hudson River, Catskill Mountains and the surrounding area.

Looking northwest – Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Trails Overview:

Alongside the 11 miles of marked trails you can find the remains of the former chapel, as well as hand-dug wells, cisterns, root cellars and old foundations from the land’s farmsteading days. The trails are easy to moderate and can be covered in a few hours, making this a great place for hiking with kids. Overnight camping is allowed by permit.

The tower is a very popular attraction and the highlight of any visit to Ferncliff Forest. The Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower can be climbed by visitors to enjoy the 360° views. The tower is open everyday all year long and is an easy hike of about 0.6 mile from the Ferncliff Forest parking lot, on the Yellow Circle Trail.

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Hike Overview:

I hiked to the Fire Tower in 2014 and the trails were poorly marked and a little confusing to navigate. Fast forward to 2020, the trails are now well blazed and well maintained. I’ve been wanting to get up here for some time and with most of the popular trails in the Hudson Valley being overly crowded in recent months, I decided to make the 1-1/2 hour drive from the lower Hudson Valley.

Arriving shortly before 8:30am on a Saturday morning, there were several vehicles in the parking lot. We didn’t encounter any other hikers during our visit, only a lone fisherman at Mt. Rutsen Pond near the end of our hike.

Although we kept the hike on the short side, with about 11 miles of trails available, one can log some more mileage if desired.

This hike was done counterclockwise from the Mt. Rutsen Parking lot.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

The Hike:

From the parking area, walk towards the kiosk and past the gate, this is the start of the yellow-blazed trail. It has been called by different names (Circle Trail, East Tower Trail etc.) For the purpose of this hike description, I will refer to it as the Yellow Circle Trail. Proceed ahead on the Yellow Circle Trail as it climbs gradually on a gravel road.

start of Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

In about 700 feet from the gate, the Yellow Circle Trail crosses a gravel road (a white-blazed trail) with Mt. Rutsen Pond just beyond. You may want to stop for a moment and take in the beauty of this scenic spot.

Mt. Rutsen Pond – Ferncliff Forest

When you are ready to continue, stay right, past the lean-to, and continue to follow the yellow blazes. The road continues to climb gradually and soon passes another lean-to. In about 0.6 mile from the start of the hike, there is a short footpath on the left that climbs to the site of the fire tower. This is a shortcut to the tower, but if you miss it, don’t worry because the Yellow Circle Trail continues ahead and turns left, passing right by the tower.

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

veer left on footpath

There are no views from the base of the tower, so you’ll have to climb it if you want to see some.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

This International Derrick Model 1933, was developed through a cooperative effort between the Aermotor Company and the U.S. Forest service. The model 1933 was made by each of the major fire tower manufacturers inluding the International Derrick Company. The Aermotor MC-39 is essentially the same design as the 1933 model. This 80-ft. steel tower has 7 flights of stairs and a 7’x7’ metal cab.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

The 1933 design of the International Derrick Fire Towers is arranged so that the flights of stairs, except for the lowest and highest, are oriented from one corner of the tower towards the corner diagonally opposite from it.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

The Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower was never used for forest fire detection in NY State.

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

The panoramic views from the cab of the tower are outstanding.

Looking northwest – Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Looking northwest, the Hudson River, Catskill Mountains and the Kingston-Rhinecliff Bridge.

Looking northwest – Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Looking southwest.

Looking southwest – Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Looking northeast.

Looking northeast – Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Once you are done enjoying the views, turn left after leaving the tower and continue on the Yellow Circle Trail as it weaves its way through the woods.

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

wetlands – Yellow Circle Trail

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

After another mile (from the fire tower), the Yellow Circle Trail reaches the southwest shore of Mt. Rutsen Pond and turns left. Leave the Yellow Circle Trail and bear right onto the orange-blazed Scout Trail, soon crossing a small wooden footbridge. When the trail comes to a fork, veer left and follow the orange blazes until you come to a junction with the White Trail. Turn left on the White Trail, now heading north.

Orange Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Mt. Rutsen Pond – Ferncliff Forest

Orange Trail – Ferncliff Forest

In a short distance, the White Trail passes a lean-to with a fireplace along Mt. Rutsen Pond. As you continue north, you will pass another lean-to as well.

White Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Mt. Rutsen Pond – Ferncliff Forest

Continue north on the White Trail and near the northeast shore of the pond is a large pavilion with a fireplace.

Pavilion – Ferncliff Forest

White Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Mt. Rutsen Pond – Ferncliff Forest

When you reach the northern end of Mt. Rutsen Pond, the White Trail crosses the the Yellow Circle Trail. Turning right will lead you back to the parking lot. Continue straight through the intersection on the White Trail and a short distance up ahead is an old root cellar and a stone lined well. Relics from the 1825 farm colony that was owned by Thomas Suckley. The root cellar has filled in over the last six years since the last time I visited.

root cellar – Ferncliff Forest

This is how it looked in December of 2014.

root cellar in December 2014

old well – Ferncliff Forest

Retrace your steps back to the intersection with the Yellow Circle Trail and turn left. Follow the yellow blazes for about 700 feet down the hill, back to the parking lot, where the hike began.

Yellow Circle Trail – Ferncliff Forest

Review:

A quiet and lesser traveled area with well blazed trails that are easy to follow. The area is well maintained with no trash in sight. The highlight of the hike is the fire tower, with its outstanding Hudson River Valley views. The area around Mt. Rutsen Pond is very scenic and worth spending a little time at. This place is definitely worth a visit.

Pros:

Fire Tower, Mt. Rutsen Pond, scenic views, little foot traffic, picturesque landscape, well maintained property, well marked and easy to follow trails.

Cons:

None

Take a hike!

Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

Sources:

Scenes From The Trail

Detailed hike reports, complete with images.

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Ferncliff Forest Fire Tower

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